Superoxide dismutases occurrence

M21. McCord, J. M Superoxide dismutase Occurrence, structure, function, and evolution. Isozymes Curr. Top. Biol. Med. Res. 3, 1-21 (1979). 

Hicks, C. L. 1980. Occurrence and consequence of superoxide dismutase in milk products A review. J. Dairy Sci. 63, 1199-1204. 

Asada, K. 1976. Occurrence of superoxide dismutase in bovine milk. Agric. Biol. Chem. 40, 1659-1660. 

The induction of DNA strand breaks and chromosomal aberrations by cadmium in mammalian cells was suppressed by antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, indicating the involvement of ROS [34—36], Since the extent of ROS and damage to cellular macromolecules depends on the equilibrium between their generation and detoxification or repair, respectively, the occurrence of oxidative DNA damage is assumed to be due to an inhibition of the antioxidant defense by cadmium, such as the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase. One other mechanism proposed consists in the displacements of redox active metal ions, e.g., Fe ", for example in metallothionein, giving rise to Fenton reactions [35-37]. 

Other probes that have been used for the occurrence of superoxide anion radical (36) in the presence of singlet oxygen Include sulfite anion (34). selectively oxidized by superoxide, and su-peroxlde dismutase (34. 35), which efficiently converts superoxide ion Into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. 

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