Supercritical fluid technologies utilization

Supercritical fluid is a substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. Supercritical fluid technology offers an interesting option for sustainable utilization of... 

More elaborate sample preparation is often needed for complex sample matrices, e.g., lotions and creams. Many newer SP technologies such as solid-phase extraction (SPE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized fluid extraction, accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), and robotics are frequently utilized (see Ref. [2]). Dosage forms such as suppositories, lotions, or creams containing a preponderance of hydrophobic matrices might require more elaborate SP and sample cleanup, such as SPE or liquid-liquid extraction. 

The supercritical fluid mefhod is a relafively new method, which can minimize the use of organic solvents and harsh manufacturing conditions taking advantage of two distinctive properties of supercritical fluids (i.e., high compressibility and liquid-like density). This method can be broadly divided into two parts rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS), which utilizes the supercritical fluid (e.g., carbon dioxide) as a solvent for the polymer, " and supercritical antisolvent crystallization (SAS), using the fluid as an antisolvent that causes polymer precipitation. Recent reviews of the supercritical technology for particle production are available in the literature. ... 

As with conventional techniques that utilize liquid solvents at normal atmospheric pressure, material formation in supercritical fluids is subject to thermodynamic considerations involving temperature and pressure. The most discernible feature that differentiates the SFC technologies from all the others is the relatively high compressibility and diffusivity of the super-... 

Previous reports 30, 31) have appeared on the use of siqiercritical fluid extraction (SFE) coupled with siqrercritical fluid fractionation (SFF) for the enrichment of these FPE. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethanol (EtOH), as a cosolvent, were utilized to fiactionate and eruich the FPE from 1.2S to 14.5 wt% in com bran oil employing a sorbent bed. However, this prior research was performed on an analytical scale. In the present study, SFF technology of com bran oil has been sc ed up using SFE/supercritical fluid chromatogr hy (SFE/SFC). The oil is remov from the com bran 1 utilizing supercritic carbon dioxide (SC-CO2), and then the extract is fiactionated by on-line SFC to obtain a fraction enriched in FPE. 

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