Liquids and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

There are a number of methods that can be applied to increase the solubility of insoluble materials (Table 4.5). Cheaper, more sustainable approaches to 

Environmental No liquid waste/solvent effluent Involves high pressures 

1 phase, solvent (liquid or SCF), solute clustering less evident 

Simple but not always desired, as higher pressures mean higher costs. 

Modifiers e.g. MeOH) can be added to increase or decrease polarity. However, the more modifier that is added, the further SCCO2 moves away from being the ideal green solvent. Reagents themselves may also in effect act as co-solvents. 

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King, M.B., A. Mubarak, J.D. Kim, and T.R. Bott. 1992. The mutual solubilities of water with supercritical and liquid carbon dioxide. /. Supercritical Fluids 5 296-302. 

Table 10.4 Industrial applications of supercritical and liquid carbon dioxide...

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