Supercapacitors cell construction

In conclusion, while being environment-friendly, the asymmetric construction in aqueous electrolyte offers electrochemical characteristics comparable with EDLCs in organic electrolytes. Combining materials with pseudocapacitance properties in an asymmetric cell is a very promising issue for developing a new generation of high-performance supercapacitors. 

Ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes, such as those used in battery and fuel cell membranes, have been explored for use in supercapacitors [153,159,200,201]. While these electrolytes are environmentally benign and do not leak, conductivities are typically much lower than liquid or gel electrolyte systems, especially at subambient temperatures (important for military and space applications). Nevertheless, capacitance in supercapacitors prepared with solid polymer electrolytes has been reported to be as good as or better than the same devices constructed using liquid electrolytes. Nafion [200], polyethylene oxide [153], and polyvinyl alcohol [153] are the polymers of choice for this application. 

Supercapacitor Stack Manufacturing and Construction 5.4.1 Cell Stacking to Form Modules... 

FIGURE 5.21 Construction of a unit cell assembly of all-solid supercapacitors. 

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