Sun-belt

In a 1990 survey, 86 percent of older Americans said they wanted to stay in their present home and, in fact, 70 percent do. Of those who move, most stay within their community, some return to their home community, and a few move to the Sun Belt states. Of those moving to the Sun Belt states, many return to their home communities within five years. 

Let us start as soon as possible with wide introduction of CCS to reduce CO2 emissions. So far, as fossil fuels are combusted this captured (or an equivalent amount of) CO2 must be sequestrated. It is best in the form of elemental carbon (see later) to avoid any diffusive loss. To keep carbon fluxes as small as possible, basic energy should be provided from solar sources as much as possible (for example, the DESERTEC conception). This solar energy is needed for CO2 capture from air and exhaust gases and for CO2 chemical processing (CCC technology). Hence, a combination of DESERTEC with SONNE (see below) is essential and will even deliver the benefit of providing solar electricity for CO2 processing to sun-belt countries. This approach is the precondition for the stepwise replacement of all fossil fuels by solar fuels. 

There are several modular technical systems for realizing the CCC conception (Fig. 2.99) where the solar (desert) site in sun-belt countries (module A) plays a key function by providing solar-based electricity (and heat for on-site chemical processing). Principally, it is possible to combine the solar site with other modules (B - air capture and CO2 supply and C - CO2 processing), but there are arguments to localize air capture close to CO2 storage (module E) to avoid transportation, to... 

As the population of the Sun Belt areas of the United States increases, more demand will be placed on the limited supplies of fresh water there. One obvious source of fresh water is from the desalination of seawater. Various schemes have been suggested, including solar evaporation, reverse osmosis, and even a plan for towing icebergs from Antarctica. The problem, of course, is that all the available processes are... 

We conclude that treatment of crops with methanol has the potential to improve photosynthetic productivity under a variety of conditions, but it is economically favored under the very hi li t intensities typical of agricultural crops in the sun belt particularly for alternative crops. Methanol is the least expensive of industrially manufactured fixed-carbon nutrient sources for plants. As the mechanism of action of methanol on photosynthesis is elucidated, it is quite likely that other plant treatments will be designed for ever greater efficiencies of U t energy capture. Factoring in the low commodity cost of methanol, however, ensures its utilization in agriculture over a very long future. 

The ionosphere is part of the larger magnetosphere, a cavity in the stream of particles from the sun. The cavity is produced by the earth s magnetic field (56,57). The ionosphere and the Van AHen radiation belt He within the plasmasphere, which extends to a maximum distance of about 15,000 km above the earth s surface. 

The group identified a circular belt between 7 and 9 kpc1 from the centre of the galaxy. This zone (Fig. 11.6) consists of a population of stars which developed between 8 and 4 billion years ago it contains about 10% of all the stars in the galaxy, and around 57% of the stars in the habitable zone are older than our sun (Lineweaver et al., 2004). 

When, many, many million years in the future, our sun expands in its Anal phase to become a red giant, the habitable zone of our solar system will shift by 1-2 AU, to the region where Triton, Pluto/Charon and the Kuiper Belt are found. This zone is referred to as the delayed gratification habitable zone . All the heavenly bodies in this zone contain water and organic material, so that chemical and molecular... 

Kuiper Belt A source of comets in the solar system at a distance of 100 AU from the Sun. 

The Gould Belt is a structure consisting of clusters of massive stars. The Sun is situated not far from the center of that disc-like structure. The Gould Belt radius is about 300 pc. It is inclined at 18° with respect to the galactic plane. 

The heliocentric pattern of asteroid types, with thermally processed objects closer to the Sun (as inferred from spectra), persists despite subsequent dynamical stirring of asteroid orbits and ejection of bodies from the main belt. Differentiated objects appear to have formed earlier than chondritic bodies, and dynamical modeling suggests they may have accreted... 

---