Summary of Data Reported

In this section, the relevant epidemiological and experimental data are summarized. Only reports, other than in abstract form, that meet the criteria outlined on p. 11 are considered for evaluating carcinogenicity. Inadequate studies are generally not summarized such studies are usually identified by a square-bracketed comment in the preceding text. 

Human exposure to chemicals and complex mixtures is summarized on the basis of elements such as production, use, occurrence in the environment and determinations in human tissues and body fluids. Quantitative data are given when available. Exposure to biological agents is described in terms of transmission and prevalence of infection. 

Results of epidemiological studies that are considered to be pertinent to an assessment of human carcinogenicity are summarized. When relevant, case reports and correlation studies are also summarized. 

When available, comparisons of such data for humans and for animals, and particularly animals that have developed cancer, are described. 

Structure-activity relationships are mentioned when relevant. 

Data relevant to an evaluation of carcinogenicity in animals are summarized. For each animal species and route of administration, it is stated whether an increased incidence of neoplasms or preneoplastic lesions was observed, and the tumoiu sites are indicated. If the agent or mixture produced tumours after prenatal exposure or in singledose experiments, this is also indicated. Negative findings are also summarized. Dose-response and other quantitative data may be given when available. 

Data on biological effects in humans that are of particular relevance are summarized. 

---