Sulfur mustards risk assessment

To ensure that chemical contamination is rednced to safe concentrations at stockpile and NSCM sites before they are used for residential, occupational, or wildlife purposes, the U.S. Army requested that health-based exposure limits for GA, GB, GD, VX, sulfur mustard, and lewisite be developed to protect the pnblic and the environment. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) was asked to conduct the health risk assessments and propose chronic oral reference doses (RfDs) and, where... 

ORNL (Oak Ridge National Laboratory). 1996. Health Risk Assessment for Sulfur Mustard (HD). Draft Report. Interagency Agreement No. 1769-1769-Al. Prepared by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Oak... 

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FOR SULFUR MUSTARD (HD) DRAFT REPORT... 

Studies of occupational exposures to sulfur mustard indicate an elevated risk of respiratory tract and skin tumors following long-term exposure to acutely toxic concentrations. Overall, several factors are important regarding the assessment of the carcinogenicity of sulfur mustard. Increased cancer incidence in humans appears to be associated only with exposures that caused severe acute effects, and occupational exposures tended to involve repeated exposures and repeated injury of the same tissues. Because the therapeutic use of the sulfur mustard analog nitrogen mustard is associated with an increased incidence of CML, the reports of CML in HD-exposed individuals appear to be relevant to the eareinogenicity of sulfur mustard. 

Crossgrove, R. (ed) (1999). Evaluation of the Army s Interim Reference Dose and Slope Factor for Sulfur Mustard from Review of the U.S. Army s Health Risk Assessments for Oral Exposure to Six Chemical-Warfare Agents, pp. 70-82. See NCJ-190887 and http //www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/ abstract.aspx ID=190893... 

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