Sulfur mustard pulmonary injury

The reported proportion of casualties who fully recover from sulfur mustard respiratory injury varies from over 90% (Vedder, 1925) to only 20% (Balali-Mood, 1986). Much of this variation can be explained by differences among patients and by attribution of chronic bronchitic symptoms to previous mustard gas exposure in the presence of ongoing causes such as heavy smoking. Major chronic problems such as bronchiectasis and recurrent pneumonia appear confined to casualties who had severe pulmonary infections complicating the acute injury (Urbanetti, 1988). Ocular and skin injuries generally heal completely but with the need for corneal transplantation or for skin grafting to deal with uncommon complications. 

Weinberger, B., Laskin, J.D., Sunil, V.R., Sinko, P.J., Heck, D.E., Laskin, D.L. (2011). Sulfur mustard-induced pulmonary injury therapeutic approaches to mitigating toxicity. Pulm Pharmacol Ther., Vol. 24, No. 1, (Feb. 2011), pp. 92-99 ISSN 1094-5539 Wenzel, H.R. and Tschesche, H. (1995). Reversible inhibitors of serine proteinases. In Peptides Synthesis, Structures, and Applications, Ed. B. Gutte, pp. 321-362, Academic Press, ISBN 0123109205, USA... 

Weinberger, B., Laskin, J.D., Sunil, V.R., et al., 2011. Sulfur mustard-induced pulmonary injury therapeutic approaches to mitigating toxicity. Pulm. 

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