Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Sulfonamides resistance

Because human cases of glanders are rare, there is limited information shout antibiotic treatment of the organism in humans. Sulfadiazine has been found to be an effective in experimental animals and in humans SutfMderiente/fer is usually sensitive to tetracyclines, ciproflacacin, streptomycin, novobiocin, gentamicin, imipenem, ceftazidime, and the sulfonamides Resistance to chloramphenicol has been reported. [Pg.385]

Amino acid duplications, in sulfonamide resistance, 23 505 Amino acid inhibitors, 13 300-302 Amino acid racemization dating, 5 752 Amino acid residues, 9 494 26 376 Amino acids, 2 554-618 20 447 achiral derivatizing agents, 6 96t analysis, 2 596-600 analysis in green coffee, 7 253t analysis in roasted, brewed, and instant coffee, 7 255t... [Pg.47]

Acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by E. coli and other pathogens generally respond promptly to one of the short-acting sulfonamides. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), when related to some structural abnormality in the tract, are frequently caused by sulfonamide-resistant bacteria. [Pg.517]

Minocycline is an effective alternative to rifampin for eradication of meningococci, including sulfonamide-resistant strains, from the nasopharynx. However, the high incidence of dose-related vestibular side effects renders it less acceptable. Although minocychne has good in vitro activity against Nocardia spp., further studies are necessary to confirm its clinical efficacy. [Pg.545]

Used in all types of infection caused by Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pneumocystis carinii etc. and many other sulfonamide resistant stains of S. aureus, Strep, pyogenes, Shigella, E. coli, H. influenzae, meningococci and gonococci etc. It is particularly effective as a second line agent in penicillin allergic patients and also in patients where newer antibiotics are contraindicated or can t be used. [Pg.307]

Mammalian cells (and some bacteria) lack the enzymes required for folate synthesis from PABA and depend on exogenous sources of folate therefore, they are not susceptible to sulfonamides. Sulfonamide resistance may occur as a result of mutations that (1) cause overproduction of PABA, (2) cause production of a folic acid-synthesizing enzyme that has low affinity for sulfonamides, or (3) impair permeability to the sulfonamide. Dihydropteroate synthase with low sulfonamide affinity is often encoded on a plasmid that is transmissible and can disseminate rapidly and widely. Sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthase mutants also can emerge under selective pressure. [Pg.1032]

The sulfones and sulfonamides synergize with the inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase, and the combinations have been effective in controlling malaria, toxoplasmosis, and coccidiosis. Fansidar, a combination of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine, has been successful in controlling some strains of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria (see Chapter 53 Antiprotozoal Drugs). However, reports of Fansidar resistance have increased in recent years. New inhibitors effective against the sulfonamide-resistant 7,8-dihydropteroate synthase are needed. [Pg.1193]

Huovinen, P, Sundstrom, L., Swedberg, G., and Skold, O. (1995) Trimethoprim and sulfonamide resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39, 279-289. [Pg.118]

Mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase gene have been reported in sulfonamide-resistant strains of... [Pg.611]

As a signihcant percentage of urinary tract infections in many parts of the world are caused by sulfonamide-resistant microorganisms, snlfonamides are no longer a therapy of first choice. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, a quinolone, trimethoprim, fosfomycin, or ampicillin are the preferred agents. [Pg.287]

C.viii. Sulfonamides. Reduction of sulfonamides does not give an alcohol and an amine. Primary sulfonamides resist reductive cleavage with LiAlH4 secondary sulfonamides are cleaved, but the reaction requires... [Pg.319]

Resistance to sulfonamides is widespread in bacteria isolated from animals, and may involve chromosomal mutations or plasmid-mediated mechanisms. Chromosomal mutations cause impaired drug penetration, production of altered forms of dihydropteroate synthetase for which sulfonamides have a lowered affinity, or production of excessive PABA that overcomes the metabolic block imposed by the inhibition of dihydropteroate synthetase. A more common cause of bacterial resistance to sulfonamides is plasmid-mediated mechanisms, which may result in impaired drug penetration or the synthesis of sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthetase. There is cross-resistance among sulfonamides. [Pg.45]

Byrne-Bailey KG, Gaze WH, Kay P, et al., Prevalence of sulfonamide resistance genes in bacterial isolates from manured agricultural soils and pig slurry in the United Kingdom, Antimicrob. Agents Chem. 2009 53(2) 696-702. [Pg.124]

Bacitracin. International generic name for a peptide antibiotic complex with broad activity against Grampositive pathogens, especially staphylococci, penicillin- and sulfonamide-resistant streptococci and some Gram-negative cocci and bacteria, B, is isolated from Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis. Commercial B. is a mixture with B. A as main component (70%). B. A has the following constitution ... [Pg.70]


See other pages where Sulfonamides resistance is mentioned: [Pg.3982]    [Pg.275]    [Pg.104]    [Pg.9]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.218]    [Pg.219]    [Pg.219]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.1062 ]




SEARCH



Resistance sulfonamides, potentiated

Resistance to sulfonamides

Sulfonamides bacterial resistance

Sulfonamides drug resistance

Sulfonamides resistance mechanisms

© 2024 chempedia.info