Sulfides oxygen system

Watzl, M., Munster, A.F. Turing-like spatial patterns in a polyacrylamidemethylene blue-sulfide-oxygen system. Chem. Phys. Lett. 242, 273 (1995)... 

THE FIRST EXAMPLE OF DIRECT OXIDATION OF SULFIDES TO SULFONES BY AN OSMATE-MOLECULAR OXYGEN SYSTEM... 

If poUed, most aquaculturists would probably indicate a preference for well water. Both freshwater and saline wells are common sources of water for aquaculture. The most commonly used pretreatments of well water include temperature alteration (either heating or cooling) aeration to add oxygen or to remove or oxidize such substances as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and iron and increasing salinity (in mariculture systems). Pretreatment may also include adjusting pH, hardness, and alkalinity through the appHcation of appropriate chemicals. 

Many waste-rock or overburden disposal systems result ia compacted dumps having uncontrolled distribution of fines. In such dumps, solution distribution is poor and there is Htde oxygen for reaction with the sulfides. Methods for managing these dumps to maximize copper recovery have been actively pursued. 

There are two methods of biological treatment aerobic and anaerobic (217). The aerobic systems use free oxygen dissolved in the wastewater to convert wastes in the presence of microorganisms to more microorganisms, energy required for their existence, and carbon dioxide. The anaerobic process occurs in the absence of free oxygen and converts the waste to methane and carbon dioxide, generally in deep tanks or basins, and can produce odor problems when sulfides or sulfates are present in the wastewater. 

The nervous system is vulnerable to attack from several directions. Neurons do not divide, and, therefore, death of a neuron always causes a permanent loss of a cell. The brain has a high demand for oxy gen. Lack of oxygen (hypoxia) rapidly causes brain damage. This manifests itself both on neurons and oligodendroglial cells. Anoxic brain damage may result from acute carbon monoxide, cyanide, and hydrogen sulfide poisonings. Carbon monoxide may also be formed in situ in the metabolism of dichloromethylene. 

Figure 14.7 Typical clnomatogram obtained by using the refinery analyser system shown in Figure 14.6. Peak identification is as follows 1, hydrogen 2, Cg+, 3, propane 4, acetylene 5, propene 6, hydrogen sulfide 6, iso-butane 8, propadiene 9, n-butane, 10. iso-butene 11, 1-butene 12, traw-2-butene 13, cw-2-butene 14, 1,3-butadiene 15, iso-pentane 16, w-pen-tane 17, 1-pentene 18, tro 5-2-pentene 19, cw-2-pentene 20, 2-inethyl-2-butene 21, carbon dioxide 22, ethene 23, ethane 24, oxygen + argon, 25, niti Ogen, 26, carbon monoxide.

If the instrument indicates current surge in an air-free system, it generally implies hydrogen sulfide contamination, but the galvanic probe is usually best suited to detect corrosion influenced by oxygen contamination. 

Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, and other contaminant gases are generally present to some degree in all steam and condensate systems. 

Binary systems of ruthenium sulfide or selenide nanoparticles (RujcSy, RujcSey) are considered as the state-of-the-art ORR electrocatalysts in the class of non-Chevrel amorphous transition metal chalcogenides. Notably, in contrast to pyrite-type MS2 varieties (typically RUS2) utilized in industrial catalysis as effective cathodes for the molecular oxygen reduction in acid medium, these Ru-based cluster materials exhibit a fairly robust activity even in high methanol content environments of fuel cells. 

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