Sulfate thermodynamic properties

Langmuir D, Melchoir D (1985) The geochemistry of Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra sulfates in some deep brines from the Palo Duro Basin, Texas. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49 2423-2432 Langmuir D, Reise AC (1985) The thermodynamic properties of radium. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49 1593-1601... 

Anhydrous copper(II) sulfate, 7 773 Anhydrous ethanol, production by azeotropic extraction, 8 809, 817 Anhydrous gaseous hydrogen sulfide, 23 633 Anhydrous hydrazine, 13 562, 585 acid-base reactions of, 13 567-568 explosive limits of, 13 566t formation of, 13 579 vapor pressures of, 13 564 Anhydrous hydrogen chloride, 13 809-813 physical and thermodynamic properties of, 13 809-813 purification of, 13 824-825 reactions of, 13 818-821 uses for, 13 833-834... 

DeKock, C. W. Thermodynamic Properties of Selected Metal Sulfates and Their Hydrates, 1986, Bureau of Mines, Information Circular 9081. 

From the above it is likely that sulfate is reduced before ferric iron. This is contrary to what one would expect from the thermodynamic properties of Fe(III) compounds and sulfates. This may be caused by... 

We have observed melanterite, FeSOi 7H2O, to be one of the coimnon sulfate minerals produced by the oxidation of pyrite during weathering. Unfortunately, its solubility and related thermodynamic properties are not well established. The log K for melanterite dissolution has been derived from the free energies of... 

Hygroscopic behavior has been well characterized in laboratory studies for a variety of materials, for example, ammonium sulfate (Figure 14), an important atmospheric material. When an initially dry particle is exposed to increasing RH it rapidly accretes water at the deliquescence point. If the RH increases further the particle continues to accrete water, consistent with the vapor pressure of water in equilibrium with the solution. The behavior of the solution at RH above the deliquescence point is consistent with the bulk thermodynamic properties of the solution. However, when the RH is lowered below the deliquescence point, rather than crystallize as would a bulk solution, the material in the particle remains as a supersaturated solution to RH well below the deliquescence point. The particle may or may not undergo a phase transition (efflorescence) to give up some or all of the water that has been taken up. For instance, crystalline ammonium sulfate deliquesces at 79.5% RH at 298 K, but it effloresces at a much lower RH, 35% (Tang and Munkelwitz, 1977). This behavior is termed a hysteresis effect, and it can be repeated over many cycles. 

Figure 12.18 Eh-pH diagram for aqueous species in the system S-02-H20 at 25°C neglecting sulfate, bisulfate, and elemental sulfur showing significant stability fields for sulfite and bisulfite, thiosulfate and its conjugate acid, and tetrathionate. Reprinted from Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, 56, M. A. Williamson and J. D. Rimstidt, Correlation between structure and thermodynamic properties of aqueous sulfur species, 3867-80, 1992, with permission from Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington 0X5 1GB, U.K.

Both a- and 7-alumina can react with sulfur trioxide to form aluminum sulfate. The conditions for the formation and thermal decomposition of aluminum sulfate are given in Fig. 8. The thermodynamic properties of... 

LIB/SAD] Libus, W., Sadowska, T., Libus, Z., Correlation between thermodynamic properties and coordination states of aqueous bivalent transition metal sulfates, / Solution Chem., 9, (1980), 341-354. Cited on pages 181, 389. 

Sumartschenkowa, I.A., Verevkin, S.P., Vasiltsova, T.V., Bich, E., Heintz, A., Shevelyova, M.P., and Kabo, G.J. (2006) Experimental study of thermodynamic properties of mixtures containing ionic liquid l-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate using gas-liquid chromatography and transpiration method. J. Chem. Eng. Data, 51 (6), 2138-2144. 

H2. Gardner, W.L. R.E. Mitchell, J.W. Cobble, "The thermodynamic properties of high-temperature aqueous solutions. X. The electrode potentials of sulfate ion electrodes from 0-100°. Activity coefficients and the entropy of aqueous sulfuric acid", J. Phys. Chem., v73, 6, pp2021-2024 (1969)... 

Grpnvold F, Meisingset KK (1982) Thermodynamic properties and phase transitirais of salt hydrates between 270 and 400 K. I. Ammimium aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium sulfate, and sodium thiosulfate hydrates. J Chem Thermodyn 14 1083-1098... 

T. R. Ingraham and H. H. Kellogg, Thermodynamic properties of zinc sulfate, zinc basic sulfate and the system Zn-S-O, Trans. Amer. Inst. Min. Eng. 221, 1419-1426... 

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