Subject Payne effect

Another softening phenomenon which manifests the dependence of the stress upon the entire history of deformation is the so-called Payne effect. Like the Mullins effect, this is a softening phenomena but it concerns the behavior of carbon blackfilled rubber subjected to oscillatory displacement. Strain dependence of the storage and loss moduli (Payne effect) at 70 °C and 10 Hz for a rubber compotmd with different concentration of carbon black filler [7] (Fig. 26). Indeed, the dynamic part of the stress response presents a rather strong nonlinear amplitude dependence, which is actually the Payne effect [8, 16, 43]. 

Farid NA, Small DS, Payne CD, Jakubowski JA, Brandt JT, Li YG, Ernest CS, Salazar DE, Konkoy CS, Winters KJ. Effect of atorvastatin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of prasugrel and clopidogrel in healthy subjects. Pharmacotherapy 2008 28(12) 1483-94. 

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