Styrene grafting cellulose

Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile with various vinyl comonomers such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, and styrene onto cellulose derivatives using ceric ion was studied [24]. The results showed that... 

The mechanistic details of photo-induced grafting of styrene onto cellulose in the presence of mineral acids with methanol and dioxane as solvents was investigated... 

Iwai, S., T. Kakurai, and T. Noguchi Studies on acrylonitrile-styrene graft copolymerization onto cellulose by ceric salt. J. Soc. Text, and Cell. Ind. (Japan) 19, 547 (1963). 

Kobayashi, Y. Gamma-ray induced graft copolymerization of styrene onto cellulose and some chemical properties of the grafted polymer. J. Polymer Sci. 51, 359 (1961). 

Resting, R. E.. and V. Stannett The grafting of styrene to cellulose by mutual and reirradiation techniques. Makromol. Chem. 65, 248 (1963). 

The ozonization method has been extended to the most varied polymer/monomer systems, such as polybutadiene-03 with acrylamide, methyl methacrylate or styrene, cellulose-03 with styrene or acrylonitrile (127), starch-03 with styrene (126). In this last case the formation of some homopolystyrene as side-product has been mentionned by the authors. The starch-styrene graft copolymers are claimed to be good emulsifiers for water-oil suspensions. 

In Japan, pilot plant quantities of rayon and cotton grafted with styrene and other monomers have been prepared and evaluated. Improvements in the flex abrasion resistance and good water repellency were obtained. In addition, thermoplasticity was imparted plus an improved adhesion to rubber. Arthur et al. have also studied this type of grafted cellulose fibers. Again, the work has not led to any large scale developments. Research into grafting to textiles is continuing, but the prospects for any early successful industrialization seem remote. 

Acid Effect in UV- and Radiation-Induced Grafting of Styrene to Cellulose... 

Figure 2. Effect of uranyl nitrate (1% w/v) as sensitizer on UV grafting of styrene to cellulose in neutral and acid media. Time 24 h at 24 cm from 90 W high pressure UV lamp. Key O, graft in methanol + sensitizer + HsPOk (1% w/v) graft in methanol + sensitizer + H2SOk (1% w/v) , graft in methanol + sensitizer A, homopolymer in methanol + sensitizer , homopolymer in methanol + sensitizer + HsPOi (1% w/v) A, graft in dioxane, no sensitizer O, graft in dioxane + sensitizer.

Table II. Homogeneous Graft Copolymerization of Styrene onto Cellulose Using a SO2-DEA-DMSO Solution as a Reaction Medium...

Figure 5. Thermomechanical diagrams of a polysuljone homopolymer and SC—1 and SC—3, the cellulose—polysuljone composites prepared by the homogeneous graft copolymerization of styrene onto cellulose (See Table II).

Figure 8. Total dose-weight increase curves for the graft polymerization of styrene onto cellulose and wood using a S02-DEA-DMS0 solution as a reaction...

As a typical example, a characterization of the product obtained by mutual graft copolymerization of styrene onto cellulose fiber is described in some detail2s ... 

Table 7. Grafting of styrene onto cellulose by mutual irradiation method. (Cellulose High tenacity rayon (P v = 293) Monomer mixture Styr. MeOH H20 = 20 72 8 polymerization = 50 °C in vacuum, 20 hr (2 x 10s rad)]...

Table IX. Gamma Ray Grafting of Styrene to Cellulose Acetate at Low Dose in Alcohols 1...

Ultraviolet graft polymerization of arylamide onto cellulose acetate reverse osmosis membranes yielded grafted membranes with higher salt retention and lower water flux compared with pristine cellulose acetate [152]. Acid-catalyzed grafting of styrene on cellulose acetate reverse-osmosis membranes imparted a higher salt rejection rate (92.4%) to the membrane than those of ungrafted membranes (80.8%) and heat-shrunk membranes (90.2%) [153]. 

Acrylic Acid grafted to Poly(vinyl alcohol) Styrene grafted to Cellulose Acetate... 

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