Styrenes catalysts

Table 1. Field influence on free radical polymerization . Monomer styrene, catalyst azobisisobutyronitrile (0.02 mole/l), temp. 60°, polymerization time 30min...

The EB dehydrogenation can be done with various commercially available styrene catalysts. The fractionation train separates high-purity styrene, unconverted EB, and minor reaction byproducts such as toluene. 

Fina/Badger Styrene catalyst/ stabilizer technology N/A—addtive to feeds for styrene dehydogenahon CST adds potassium to styrene dehydrogenation catalyst increases productivity and extends catalyst service life 2 2000... 

The Cp TiX3 system also catalyzes the syndiotactic polymerization of styrene. In contrast to all the metallocene catalysts discussed above which are d° systems, there is evidence that in the styrene catalyst the active species is Ti111, [Cp TiMe]+.lu... 

The TS polyester resins themselves are usually highly reactive thicken able types, based on an isophthalic or orthophthalic acid. TP-modified polyesters are also used. The monomer is usually styrene. Catalysts used in molding compounds are inactive at room temperature and are activated during the molding operation, at 120-160°C (248-320°F). 

Fritsch Planetary Micro Miii Putverisette 7, Zr02 vessel (12mL). 4mm ZrO balls (7.8g), 300rpm, 30min. cyclobexanone styrene catalyst 1 1.5 0.025mol. 

Retsch MM400 ball mill, stainless steel vessel (5mL), 5 mm ball, 20Hz, 6h, substrate styrene catalyst 1 1 0.2mol. 

All reactions were carried out with 13.3 mmol of styrene.CO/H2 = 10 bar. Styrene catalyst molar ratio is 421, P Rh molar ratio is 2.5. In mol styrene (mol Rh )h determined after 2 h... 

Pellecchia, C. Grassi, A. Syndiotactic-specific polymerization of styrene Catalyst structure and polymerization mechanism. Top Catal. 1999, 7, 125-132. 

Kotarba, A., Km, I. Sojka, Z. (2002). Energetics of potassium loss from styrene catalyst model components reassignment of K storage and release phases. J. Catal, 211, 265-272. 

D. L. Williams, Styrene Catalysts, AICE Meeting, New Orleans, March 6-10,1988. 

Styrene catalysts are formed by extrusion. A preferred composition is Fe-K-Ca-Ce-Mo oxides [12,13]. The crash strength can be increased by increasing the calcination temperature, but this operation is very critical as to activity (Fig. 4). It results that a calcination temperature veiy close to 970°C should be adopted. It is interesting that small amounts of Mg compounds can strongly impair the crush strength (Fig. 4). Therefore the purity of the raw materials must be carefully checked. 

Fig. 4. Styrene catalysts. Fe-K-Ca-Ce-Mo oxides. Extrudates 5x3 nun. Influence of calcination...

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