Structure film-like

Another important outcome of these CVD experiments is the possibility to synthesize meta-stable phases as transparent films, like HAIO. The subsequent local treatment with different energy beams allows the structural patterning of the meta-stable layers to create chemical landscapes, which have the characteristics to consist of physically and chemically different regions of the surface (A1 AI2O3 parts in a HAIO matrix). These patterns can in principal be reduced to nanometer scales, opening a large field of applications. 

Trokhymchuk A, Henderson D, Nikolov A, Wasan D (2005) In-layer structuring of like-charged macroions in a thin film. Ind Eng Chem Res 44 1175-1180 Von Bahr M, Tiberg F, Zhmud BV (1999) Spreading dynamics of surfactant solutions. Langmuir 15 7069-7075... 

Electron micrographs of coacervate drops have shown that some drops appear to have very complex internal structures (13). Evreinova, et al. have observed that coacervate drops have surface film-like layers of different structures either with projections or without them (13). Coacervate drops may contain vacuoles where polymer concentration is greatly reduced. 

There are numerous differences between the long and short film in terms of structure. Most obviously, the proportion of Acts I, II, and III, generally held to be 1 2 1 (30 minutes to 60 minutes to 30 minutes), simply does not apply. Act I is more likely to be 5 minutes in a short film. There will be no middle act there will be Act II or III, depending on the writer s choice of a resolution or an open ending. If the option for resolution is taken, the structure is Act I-Act III, in feature-film terms. If a more open-ended script is the choice, the structure looks like Act I-Act II of the feature film. 

The ultra-fine PAA/PVA fibrous membranes that were heated at 120°C or 140°C for 5 min became insoluble in water, indicating inter-molecular crosslinking under these heating conditions. However, only those crosslinked at 140 °C could retain the fibrous structure after extended (24hr) water immersion (Figure 2a). The water immersion caused those membranes heated at 120"C for 5 min to partially lose their fibrous integrity and became film-like at random locations of the membrane (Figure 2b). PAA/PVA ulfra-fine fibrous membranes and cast films discussed fi-om here on were all thermally crosslinked at 140 °C for 5 min. 

The correlation of magnetic properties with structure was shown for Dy thin films on W(llO), too [166]. This system was additionally investigated with emphasis on the influence of structural defects like line defects [167] and dislocation cores [168] on the magnetic domain structure. 

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