Structural characteristics of activated carbons

The adsorption process, in principle, is an anion-exchange process which is restricted only to the surface of the activated charcoal. This fact makes the loading or the exchange capacity of activated charcoal to be relatively smaller in comparison with ion-exchange resins, and it is for this reason that charcoals are quite often treated suitably to improve their loading capacities. The surface and the pore structure characteristics of activated carbon are the important factors upon which its industrial applications depend. 

The protein adsorption on active carbons is an important process contributing to their biocompatibility and the therapeutic effect of hemoperfusion (Arshady 1999). Covalent binding of proteins to a carbon surface allows one to synthesize adsorbents with high selectivity of action similar to that achieved in affinity chromatography. Despite numerous studies of carbon adsorbent interactions with biomolecules in aqueous media, the influence of the adsorbent structure on the characteristics of the interfacial layer of water in the presence of immobilized proteins ranains unclear. Here the relationships between the structural characteristics of activated carbon SCN and the state of the bound water in the presence of BSA and mouse y-globulin (IgG) physically adsorbed or covalently attached to the carbon surface via carbodiimide coupling are analyzed using adsorption and H NMR methods. 

Melillo, M., Gun ko, V.M., Mikhalovska, L.l. et al. 2004. Structural characteristics of activated carbons and ibuprofen adsorption affected by bovine serum albumin. Langmuir 20 2837-2851. 

The adsorption characteristics of activated carbon appear to be associated with a system of capillaries (micropores) and channels (macropores) giving it an extremely high surface area (approx 1000 m g" ). Detailed knowledge of the structural characteristics of activated carbon has been derived from studies of adsorption and from X-ray patterns [79 81]. Although adsorption to carbon is mainly through van der Waals attraction, evidence has also been presented by Mattson et al. [82] for the presence of significant amounts of carbonyl and carboxyl groups which enhance the adsorption of cationic adsorbates. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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