Strong bases cations from

Cation from strong base anion from strong acid NaCl, KNO3, Bal2 None 7... 

The equivalence point, which occurs within the nearly vertical portion of the curve, is the point at which the number of moles of added OH equals the number of moles of H O originally present. At the equivalence point of a strong acid-strong base titration, the solution consists of the anion of the strong acid and the cation of the strong base. Recall from Chapter 18 that these ions do not react with water, so the solution is neutral pH = 7.00. The volume and concentration of base needed to reach the equivalence point allow us to calculate the amount of acid originally present (see Sample Problem 4.5). 

The pH at the equivalence point is greater than 7.00. The solution contains the strong-base cation Na" ", which does not react with water, and the weak-acid anion Pr , which acts as a weak base to accept a proton from H2O and yield OH. ... 

Much of the concern about effects of acidic deposition on soils has centered on the likelihood of soil acidification, brought about predominantly by leaching of base cations from the soil by mobile anions (sulfate and nitrate). Increased deposition of strong acid anions could also lead to increased aluminum availability in the soil solution, with direct, toxic effects to roots, or an indirect effect on Ca and Mg uptake (Shortle and Smith 1988). 

A Deffeyes diagram may be derived from the electroneutrality equation, written with Aik in place of the difference between the strong base cation concentration and the strong acid anion concentration ... 

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