Streptomycin producers

The substrate specificity of S. glebosus amidinotransferase could not be distinguished from the substrate specificity of the amidinotransferase of streptomycin producers. 

It became evident that not all strains of Streptomyces griaeus were capable of producing streptomycin and that streptomycin-producing strains formed active and inactive variants. On the basis that those strains which can actively produce streptomycin would be more resistant to the antibiotic, it was proposed to utilize streptomycin-enriched media for the purification of active cultures of Streptomyces griseus from inactive variants. 

The earliest known member of this group was streptose, which is present in streptomycin. Its structure was shown to be that of 5-deoxy-3-C-formyl-L-lyxose (57). Both a hydroxylated and a reduced form of streptose have been found in variants of streptomycin produced by other Streptomyces sp. The former, 5-hydroxystreptose (3-formyl-L-lyxose) (58), occurs in hydroxystreptomycin and the latter, dihydrostreptose Q5-deoxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-L-lyxose] (59), in dihydrostreptomycin. 

S ATP -I- streptomycin (<1> streptomycin is secreted [1,2] <1> detoxification of a potent inhibitor of protein biosynthesis [3] <2> self-pro-tection of streptomycin producer, because the product streptomycin 6-phosphate does not inhibit protein synthesis [4]) (Reversibility [1-4]) [1-4]... 

Sugiyama, M. Sakamoto, M. Mochizuki, H. Nimi, O. Nomi, R. Purification and characterization of streptomycin 6-kinase, an enzyme implicated in selfprotection of a streptomycin-producing micro-organism. J. Gen. Microbiol., 129, 1683-1687 (1983)... 

A prerequisite for an ecological role of ACAGAs is that they are produced under the natural conditions in the producers biotope, for example, in soils. Recent investigations with streptomycin producers indicate that they are widespread and that they are... 

Streptomycin, produced by Streptomyces griseus, is a strongly basic antibiotic which has the structure LIIl. It consists of three fragments linked... 

The same peptide was isolated by Johnson et al. (324) from culture filtrates of an unidentified species of Streptomyces, and also from Strepto-myces griseus, and Aspergillus fumigatus H.S. The two latter are streptomycin-producing strains. The peptide appears in the culture mediumjonly after growth and is isolated in crystalline form. The cyclic peptide has been identified by its infrared spectrum and by its hydrolysis products, which were identified by paper chromatography. Isolation of leucine and proline and the determination of their rotatory power have shown that they are both in l form. 

The carbon 1 of the D-mannose is joined by glycosidic linkage to carbon 4 of the N-methyl-L-glucosamine moiety of streptomycin (Fried and Stavely, 1947, 1952). It is usually found to some extent in streptomycin-producing cultures of... 

Walker, J. B., and V. S. Hnilica Developmental changes in arginine X Amidino-transferase activity in streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces. Biochim. et Biophys. Acta 89, 473 (1964). 

Woodruff, H. B., and M. Ruger Studies on the physiology of a streptomycin-producing strain of Streptomyces griseus on proline medium. J. Bacteriol. 56, 315 (1948). 

In addition, cultures of both streptomycin-producing and non-producing Streptomyces synthesized streptidine phosphate from streptidine. The significance of this reaction is as yet unknown. 

Nomi, R., O. Nimi, and T. Miyazaki Biosynthesis of streptomycin. Part 1. Properties of streptomycin-producing supernatant obtained from mycelium suspension of Streptomyces griseus. Agr. Biol. Chem. 30, 296 (1966). 

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