Streptomyces verticillatus

PAL and TAL are apparently represented to a very limited extent in bacteria, this presumably accounting for the general paucity of phenylpropanoids in such organisms. Isolation and characterization of PALs have, however, been described for R. toruloides Streptomyces maritimus Photorhabdus luminescens Sorangium cdlulosum, and Streptomyces verticillatus with the -cinnamic acid (3) so-formed being considered, for... 

In Streptomyces verticillatus radioactive glucose has been found to label both the C7N unit of mitomycin C and the remaining atoms, which form a C N unit. ° More directly D-glucosamine is the source of this C N unit (C-1, C-2, C-3, C-9, C-9a, and C-10 and the nitrogen atom of the aziridine ring). ° In order to gain a... 

When [carboxy-i C]-3-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid was fed to the culture of Streptomyces verticillatus, porfiromycin labeled with at the Cg-methyl position was obtained [10]. 

Cinnamic acids are formed in higher plants and some microorganisms, e.g., several fungi and Streptomyces verticillatus as well as in animals. p-Coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and sinapic acid are widespread in plants. 

The mitomycins are potent antibiotics that belong to the family of antitumor quinones. In 1956, mitomycin A (28) and B (34) were isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus, and shortly thereafter, mitomycin C (30) was discovered within the same strain [61, 62]. The A-methyl derivative of (31), porfiromycin, was isolated in 1960 from Streptomyces ardus, which was followed by the discovery of mitiromycin from Streptomyces verticillatus [63, 64]. Among all these different mitomycins, (31) enjoyed early widespread clinical use as a consequence of its uniquely superior activity against solid tumors. Secondly, it possessed reduced toxicity when compared to the natural counterparts (28) and (34). Mitomycin A,... 

Porfiromycin (LXVc), the iV-methyl analogue of mitomycin C, is also a metabolite of Streptomyces verticillatus and has a wide spectrum antitumour activity [300]. It has a therapeutic index of ten against Walker 256, and two against L 1210. In mice it has a LD50 value of 44 mg/kg (i.p.), and in rats 68 mg/kg (oral), which are about four times that of mitomycin C. It has a lower antitumour activity than mitomycin C at comparable toxic dose levels except for ascitic forms of Ehrlich carcinoma in mice [300, 301]. 

---