Streptomyces kanamyceticus Kanamycins

A fermentation broth containing Streptomyces kanamyceticus cells is filtered by a vacuum rotary filter. The feed rate is 120kg h1 each kilogram of broth contains 60g of cells. To improve filtration, filter aids are added at a rate of 10kg-h. The concentration of kanamycin in the broth is 0.05%. The filtrate is collected at a rate of 112 kg h. The concentration of kanamycin in the filtrate is 0.045%. The filter cake contains cells, and filter aid is continuously removed from the filter cloth. 

Of the eight aminoglycosides that are currently used, five are synthesized from different versions of Streptomyces streptomycin (isolated from Streptomyces griseus), neomycin (isolated from Streptomyces fradiae), paromomycin (isolated from S. rimosus), kanamycin (isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus), and tobramycin (isolated from... 

Kanamycin Kanamycin, 0-3-amino-3-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl-(l—>6)-0-[6-deoxy-6-amino-a-D-glucopyranosyl-(l—>4)]-2-deoxy-D-streptamine (32.4.6), is isolated from a culture fluid of the actinomycete Streptomyces kanamyceticus, which produces three antibiotics—kanamycins A, B, and C. It is described in Chapter 32. 

Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is obtained from Streptomyces kanamyceticus bacterium and is soluble in water. There are 16 chiral centers in this molecule and no cavity. It contains two pyranose rings, six hydroxyl groups, and three amine groups. This characteristic makes the molecule capable of enantiorecognition of different antipodes. 

M Murase, T Ito, S Fukatsu, H Umezawa. Studies on kanamycin-related compounds produced during fermentation hy mutants of Streptomyces kanamyceticus. Isolation and Properties. Progress in Antimicrohial and Cancer Chemotherapy, Proceedings of Sixth International Congress on Chemotherapy, vol 11. Baltimore University Park Press, 1970, pp 1098-1110. 

This was not the end of the story, and over the years, several other antibiotics of the same structural type as streptomycin were discovered and subsequently entered clinical practice. These include neomycin (1949) from Streptomyces fradiae (especially for dermatological infections) kanamycin (1957) from Streptomyces kanamyceticus (initially used for infections caused by pseudomonads - organisms that are especially dangerous for bum victims - but has now been replaced by safer drugs) gentamicin (1963) from... 

Kanamycin. Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus Okami A Umezawa from Japanese soil Umezawa el ai. J. Amibiot. 10A, 181 (1957) U.S. pat. 2,931,798 (1960). Comprised of three components, kanamycin A, the major component (usually designated as kanamycin) and kanamycins B and C, two minor congeners, lsoln and purification of kanamycins A and B and their salts Johnson er at., and Johnson, Hardcastle. U.S. pats. 

CigHsyNsOio 483.518 Aminoglycoside antibiotic. Prod, by Streptomyces kanamyceticus. Shows broad-spectrum activity. Congener of Kanamycin A, K-3 administered as sulfate. Cryst. or cryst. + 2H2O. 

Kanamycin, produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus, has been shown by... 

The technique of cell fusion has unpredictable results. A more rational approach would be to introduce only the enzymes necessary to extend the metabolic pathways by one or two desirable steps. For example, amongst the aminoglycosides, amikacin is manufactured chemically from the natural product kanamycin A (Figure 6.12). Streptomyces kanamyceticus, which synthesizes kanamycin, cannot perform this conversion. However Bacillus... 

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