Stoichactis helianthus

Kentolysin Compared to Heliantholysin. Stoichactis helianthus occurs in the Caribbean region whereas another species, Stoichactis kenti is distributed in the Indo-Pacific area. The latter produces a toxin, kentolysin, that is similar to, but not identical with heliantholysin (6). The amino acid compositions of the two polypeptides show a distinct resemblance but appear to differ significantly in number of residues of lysine, methionine, tyrosine and histidine. IgG from a rabbit immunized against heliantholysin neutralizes both heliantholysin and kentolysin, but neutralization of the homologous toxin is more efficient (Table III). It can be seen that in the concentrations used, the IgG failed to neutralize the related lytic peptides of Condylactis gigantea and Epiactis prolifera. 

The common trienoic fatty acids are cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (a-linolenic acid), cis,-c/s,cis-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid (y-linolenic acid), c/s,c/s,c/s-8,ll,14-icosatrienoic acid (dihomo-y-lino-lenic acid), 5,9,13-eicosatrienoic acid, and 5,9,13-docosatrienoic acid. An example of a tetraenoic fatty acid is ds,ds,ds,ds-5,8,ll,14-icosatetraenoic acid (arachidonic acid). The discovery of new polyunsaturated acids is an ongoing process, with the recent discovery of 5,9-heneicosadienoic acid, 5,9-do-cosadienoic acid, 5,9-tricosadienoic acid, trienoic 5,9,13-eicosatrienoic acid, and 5,9,13-docosatrienoic acid from Stoichactis helianthus. Geranoic acid (systematic name is 3,7,1 l,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenoic acid) (Figure 9), nerolic and far-nesoic acids are polyunsaturated fatty acids with branches in their structures. 

Varanda, W., and A. Finkelstein Ion and Nonelectrolyte Permeability Properties at Channels Formed in Planar Lipid Bilayer Membranes by the Cytolytic Toxin from the Sea Anemone Stoichactis helianthus. J. Membrane Biol. 55, 203 (1980). 

Fatty acids Condylactis gigantea Stoichactis helianthus Palythoa carihaeorum Referemx... 

Stoichactis (Stichodactyla) helianthus. It has recently been shown by CM-cellulose chromatography that heliantholysin consists of four isotoxins having different N-terminal amino acid sequences (Kern and Dunn, in press). Designated I to IV in order of increasing isoelectric pH, toxins I and II had one additional amino acid at the amino terminus than did toxin III. Toxin IV had a seven residue extension at the amino terminus relative to toxin III. Toxin HI and toxin II contributed 83% and 14% of the total hemolytic activity, respectively, and toxins I and FV together about 3%. 

Anthozoa Zloanthraria Actiniaria Stoichactiidae Stoichactis sp. (Radianthus kosierensis, Gyrostoma helianthus)... 

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