Stimulants time trends

According to the Woodworth congressional testimony, Boys are four times more likely to receive a diagnosis of ADHD and be prescribed stimulant medication. Critics are also disturbed about a trend of prescribing the drug to ever-younger children. For instance, in 1998 a national auditing firm estimated that 4,000 MPH pre-... 

Irradiation of polymers with y- or electron beams is an attractive alternative to chemical sterilization because of its speed, ease of control, and the absence of residue. Radiation treatment of polypropylene, however, also initiates chemical changes which lead ultimately to embrittlement. These changes in physical properties may not become apparent until some time after the treatment. The ability of antioxidants to prevent radiation damage does not always follow the trends observed in thermal oxidation, which has stimulated efforts to develop new stabilizers or optimized combinations of existing ones. 

Fig. 5 Theoretical and experimental descriptions of the impact of uptake inhibition (a) and enhancement of release (b) of the responses recorded at microdisk electrodes. Theoretical curves Numerical solutions of Eq. (3) were used to generate predicted concentration profiles at various times during a simulated period of stimulation. The calculated concentration profiles shown in the main panel of the top and bottom portion of this figure were obtained at the end of the simulated stimulus. The top panel shows how an increase in the Michaelis constant (/fm) changes the concentration profile, while the bottom panel shows the effect of an increase in the magnitude the simulated stimulus (further details can be found in Ref [25]). Stimulation responses The inset panels show experimental stimulus responses recorded in the rat brain with microdisk electrodes. Open circles denote the beginning and end of the electrical stimulation. Predrug responses (solid lines) were recorded prior to systemic administration of either 20 mg kg nomifensine (a) or 250 mg kg L-DOPA (b). Postdrug responses (dotted lines) were recorded 25 min after nomifensine administration or 55 min after L-DOPA administration. Note that the trends in the amplitude of the experimental signals correspond very well to those apparent in the theoretical concentration profiles.

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