Sterilization of Medical Equipment and Disposables

In this brief section, we have not touched the vast field of radiation-induced polymerization and radiation effects on polymers. Fortunately, the field has been surveyed very well in international conference proceedings published in Radiation Chemistry and Physics referred in the beginning of this section. The earlier books by Charlesby (1960) and by Dole (1973) provide adequate background information. 

Sterilization by irradiation was introduced by mid-fifties. In about 20 years, it was fully operational. When compared with the traditional methods of sterilization such as using formaldehyde, ethylene oxide (a toxic gas), or heating in an autoclave, several advantages of irradiation may be noted (Artandi, 1977)  

Design simplicity and outstanding reliability. Control of radiation output with proven mechanical conveyors is easy and more reliable than conventional process equipment. For most radiation sources using isotopes, the conveyor speed is the controlling factor. 

The process is continuous, allowing smooth product flow and requiring minimum human handling. Therefore, it is operable with low maintenance costs. 

It provides a high degree of sterility assurance without the intervention of specially qualified personnel. 

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