Stereoisomers IUPAC names

How many alkenes have the molecular formula C5H10 Write their structures and give their IUPAC names. Specify the configuration of stereoisomers as cis or trans as appropriate. 

IUPAC names for all the alkenes of molecular formula C6H12 that contain a trisubstituted double bond. (Don t forget to include stereoisomers.)... 

Two compounds can be stereoisomers only if they have the same constitution. Thus, you should compare first the constitution of the two structures and then their stereochemistry. The best way to compare constitutions is to assign a systematic (IUPAC) name to each molecule. Also remember that enantiomers are nonsuperposable mirror images, and diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not enantiomers. 

A-2. Provide the IUPAC name for each of the conjugated dienes of the previous problem, including stereoisomers. 

Stereoisomers—isomers that differ only in the way atoms are onsniso in space. They have the same functional group and the same IUPAC name except for prefbies such as cis, trans, R and. ... 

IThe IUPAC 1974 Recommendations, Section E, Fundamental Stereochemistry, give definitions for most of the terms used in this chapter, as well as rules for naming the various kinds of stereoisomers. They can be found in Pure Appl. Chem. 1976, 45. 13-30 and in Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry Pergamon Elmsford, NY. 1979 (the Blue Book"). 

Dienes and trienes are named according to the IUPAC convention by replacing the -ane ending of the alkane with -adiene or -atriene and locating the positions of the double bonds by number. The stereoisomers are identified as E or Z according to the rules established in Chapter 5. 

The scope of this problem can be indicated by a brief consideration of the stereochemical nomenclature of hydroxy derivatives of the bicyclic terpenes. For the parent bicyclic hydrocarbon compound known in the literature at present as cam-phane, the name "bomane is recommended in this report. (Reasons for choosing "bornane are discussed later under "The Bornane Hydrocarbons .) A mono-hydroxy derivative of bornane, on the basis of IUPAC rules (41), would be named as a bornanol. Two such derivatives have the common terpene names, bomeol and isobomeol these names, on the basis of recommendations in this report would both become 2-bornanol. Obviously, this is inadequate and additional designations are necessary to distinguish between die two stereoisomers. 

In essence, constitutional isomers will always have different International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (lUPAC) names (http //www.chem.qmw.ac.uk/iupac/), whereas stereoisomers must be identified by an additional nomenclature term. Some overlap exists between configurational isomers and conformational isomers. Configurational isomers are stable under nonnal conditions whereas interconversion of conformational isomers is often rapid at room temperature. The configurations of biomacromolecules are fixed by covalent bonding. However, the conformations are highly variable and dependent on a number of factors, including the interactions between atoms in the molecule and between the molecule and its environment. The term conformation is generally used to denote secondary and tertiary structures of biomacromolecules. 

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