Steel reinforced grout

When FRP fabrics or sheets are applied on masonry surfaces, the total lack of transpiration that characterizes composite materials should not be neglected. For this reason, the structural reinforcement carried out with such materials should not concern extended surfaces of the wall face, in order to preserve suitable transpiration of the system. The problem of suitable transpiration of masonry supports can be solved by using steel-reinforced grout (SRG) or fiber-reinforced grout (FRG) materials composed of suitably prepared matrices. 

The NACE Standard test method for testing embeddable impressed current anodes applies to this anode. TM0294-2004. Testing of embeddable impressed current anodes for use in cathodic protection of atmospherically exposed steel-reinforced concrete. This was developed to assess the performance of the coated titanium equivalent to a 40 year life. It does not test the grout that the ribbon is embedded in. 

Table 9.1. Ultimate bond stresses between grout and steel reinforcement (BS 8081).

Typical uses include the production of non-dispersible underwater concrete and reduction of the accumulation of bleed water in mass concrete placed in deep forms. Consequently, AWAs are useful in mass concrete work because they prevent the formation of laitance on the surface of the concrete and thereby reduce the excessive cleaning between successive lifts. The admixtures also reduce the voids formed under horizontal reinforcing bars. Therefore, bond to steel increases and potential corrosion problems are reduced. The admixtures are also used in conjunction with WRAs in oil-well cementing grouts to reduce pipeline friction and rapid water loss and grouting of pre- and post-tensioned concrete ducts [47]. New valves and control devices under development in Europe and Japan used in conjunction with AWA will likely advance the field on underwater concrete. 

Grout sleeves were placed (vertically) on 2-ft centers throughout the mat-reinforcing steel, and the concrete was poured around them. After the mat had cured, grout pipes were driven through the sleeves to a depth of... 

In order to transfer the load to the piles, two steel transfer beams were inserted through the base of the minaret at ground level. The two beams were structurally connected together to enhance stability (Figure 12.26). Inserting steel rods and grouting reinforced the old brick footing. 

Protect against stress corrosion of prestressed reinforcement in concrete by careful reduction of stress, by elimination of corrosion through good concreting practice, and by appropriate protection of embedded steel. Note Protect reinforcement cables awaiting full stressing and grouting. 

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