Steady-state flames, detailed modelling

Heimerl, J. M., and T. P. Coffee. 1980. The detailed modeling of premixed, laminar steady-state flames. 1. Ozone. Combustion Flame 39 301-15. 

The Detailed Modelling of Premixed, Laminar, Steady-State Flames. Results for Ozone... 

Heat Transfer by Conduction. In the theoretical analysis of steady state, heterogeneous combustion as encountered in the burning of a liquid droplet, a spherically symmetric model is employed with a finite cold boundary as a flame holder corresponding to the liquid vapor interface. To permit a detailed analysis of the combustion process the following assumptions are made in the definition of the mathematical model ... 

The theoretical model and numerical method outlined in the above sections were implemented to study steady-state combustion of nitramine monopropellants [33.34], laser-induced ignition of RDX [39,40], and steady-state combustion of nitramine/GAP pseudo-propellants [37-39]. The analyses were carried out over a broad range of operating conditions. Various important burning and ignition characteristics were investigated systematically, with emphasis placed on the detailed flame structure and the effect of the subsurface two-phase layer on propellant deflagration. 

Detailed Kinetic Modeling. Recent advances in computation techniques (11) have made it much easier to compute concentration-distance profiles for flame species. The one-dimensional isobaric flame equations are solved via a steady state solution using finite difference expressions. An added simplification is that the energy equation can be replaced with the measured temperature profile. In the adaptive mesh algorithm, the equations are first solved on a relatively coarse grid. Then additional grid points could be included if necessary, and the previous solution interpolated onto the new mesh where it served as the initial solution estimate. This process was continued until several termination criteria were satisfied. 

Gou, X., Chen, Z., Sun, W., Ju, Y. A dynamic adaptive chemistry scheme with error control for combustion modeling with a large detailed mechanism. Combust. Flame 160, 225-231 (2013) Goussis, D.A. Quasi steady state and partial equilibrium approximations their relation and their validity. Combust. TheOTy Model. 16, 869-926 (2012)... 

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