Stabilisation signal

The unusual feature of their approach was in the frequency stabilisation, signal recovery and background discrimination, which are problems inherent in all spectrometer designs. The BWO frequency was stabilised using a reference cell containing a sample of the gas under test. Its spectral line was used as a frequency discriminator (Section 3.3). The important feature was its resolution of phase... 

Electrochemistry plays an important role in the large domain of. sensors, especially for gas analysis, that turn the chemical concentration of a gas component into an electrical signal. The longest-established sensors of this kind depend on superionic conductors, notably stabilised zirconia. The most important is probably the oxygen sensor used for analysing automobile exhaust gases (Figure 11.10). The space on one side of a solid-oxide electrolyte is filled with the gas to be analysed, the other side... 

Non-saline water samples are normally acidified to stabilise them during storage. There is an effect due to hydrochloric acid concentration on the sulfur emission signal. This effect is conveniently overcome by making the acid content of samples and standards identical at, for example, 1 vol%. 

Place the electrochemical biosensor in a cell thermostated at 25°C, containing 15.0 mL of phosphate buffer 0.05 mol L-1 at pH 7.5. Add to the same solution a fixed quantity of the xanthine oxidase enzyme (1.2 mg), and then add (for three successive times) 200 pL of the solution of xanthine 0.01 mol LT1, waiting for the signal stabilising between successive additions. 

---