Spray composites

DESI Metabolites, lipids - No sample preparation - On-the-fly derivatization - Molecular coverage depends on spray composition - Low spatial resolution (100-200 pm)... 

Nielsen KA, Argyropoulos JN, Wagner BE. Method for producing coating powders catalysts and drier water-borne coatings by spraying compositions with compressed fluids. US patent, 5 716 558, 1998. 

Figure 5.40 Cold gas dynamically sprayed composite hydroxyapatite/titanium coatings, (a) 20%HAp/80%Ti. (b) 50%HAp/50%Ti (Zhou, 2012 Zhou and Mohanty, 2012a). ( With permission by Elsevier.)...

Chen, D.Y., Jordan, E.H., and Gell, M. (2009) Suspension plasma sprayed composite coating using amorphous powder feedstock. Appl. Surf. Sci., 255 (11), 5935-5938. 

Spray Composition Flexural Strength (psi) Fracture Mode... 

Hypersonic Flame Spraying (HCFS). A high velocity chemical combustion process accelerates and melts a powder stream to 500 to lOOOm/s for spraying composite powders. 

Surface-active substances raising the spreading and wetting capacities of pesticide liquids may at the same time reduce the adhesive qualities of the particles, particularly under the influence of atmospheric deposits. With increasing concentration of the SAS the adhesion usually diminishes. It is therefore important to introduce the optimum quantity of SAS into the spraying compositions... 

The main features in which the Radford process differs from the batch operation are in thermal dehydration and compounding. Water-wet nitrocellulose on a continuous vacuum belt filter is vacuum-dried followed by hot air transfusion (80°C) to reduce the moisture to less than 2%. After cooling, alcohol is sprayed on the nitrocellulose to a concentration of 15—20%. The alcohol-wet nitrocellulose is then transferred from a surge feeder to a compounder by a continuous weigh-belt along with the other ingredients of the composition, which are also weighed and added automatically. 

For addition of fertilizer to irrigation spray systems, complete water solubiHty, and hence use of the solution-type fertilizers, is essential. An additional requirement is that the fertilizer be of a composition that does not react with the normal mineral content ie, the hardness, of the irrigation water to form objectional scaling of equipment. 

Eor some appHcations the powder is suspended in an aqueous medium or a solvent with the help of emulsifying agents and then sprayed onto the substrate. The powder is also used as a filler to prepare sprayable compositions of PTEE dispersions, which then can be used to coat various substrates (36). 

Pine Oil. This oil is obtained by extraction and fractionation or by steam distillation of the wood of Pinuspalustris Mill, and other species. Most of the oil is produced ia the southeastern United States. The composition of the oil depends on the fractions chosen, but the chief constituents are terpene alcohols, mainly terpiaeol. Piae oil finds use as a germicide ia disiafectants and soaps as an ingredient ia iasecticides, deodorants, poHshes, sweepiag compounds, and catde sprays and as raw material for the manufacture of perfumery-grade terpiaeol [8000-41 -7], anethole [104-46-1], fenchone (137), and camphor (35). 

Tricalcium Phosphate. Commercial tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is actually an amorphous basic calcium phosphate close to hydroxyapatite in composition. Because of its extremely low solubiUty in water, TCP is precipitated almost quantitatively from dilute phosphate solutions with a slurry of hydrated lime. TCP is separated by dmm-, spray-, or flash-drying the TCP slurry, with or without intermediate sedimentation or filtration steps. It is used as an industrial-grade flow conditioner and parting agent. 

The hand lay-up or spray-up process, used universally for the production of laminar composites incorporating glass fiber reinforcement, is most efficient for the manufacture of large parts, such as boats, bathtubs, tanks, architectural shapes, and recreational accessories. Resins intended for spray-up processes are usually modified with thixotropic additives, such as fumed siHca (1%), to reduce the risk of drainage when appHed over large vertical mold surfaces. Molds are also made from ERP for short-mn products usually surfaced with a tooling gel coat to provide consistent surface quaHty and appearance. 

Wire sparklers are wires coated with pyrotechnic composition which are hand-held and produce a gende spray of gold sparks from iron filings. Fountains are cardboard tubes filled with chemical mixtures that produce a spray of color and sparks extending 2—5 m into the air. Roman candles are cylindrical tubes which repeatedly fire colored stars distances of 5—20 m into the air. These items typically contain 5—12 stars. 

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