Splash head

Fig. 11, 56, 9 depicts a splash head with a pear-shaped bulb and vertical delivery tube this is useful for steam distillation. The bottom cone is 24, 29 or 34 and the side cone is 19 or 24. 

A convenient flow meter is shown in Figure 74, II. The construction is simple. Splash heads or bulbs should be incorporated in both manometer limbs (as in Figure 74, /). The capillary tube at A may... 

Figure 8.2 Different apparatus used for steu distillation. A aodified Gaman steam distillation apparatus A, steam generation flask B, sample chamber C, splash head D, condenser B, delivery tube F, separatory funnel. B = micro steam distillation apparatus A, boiling flask B, collection bulb C, water return arm D, Condenser. C - steam distillation apparatus using a Dean and Stark type trap. D = Nielsen-Kryger steam distillation apparatus.

The flask is fitted with two inlet tubes, one narrow and adjustable positioned above the surface of the adamantanone suspension, and the other reaching half-way between the bottom of the flask and the surface. Both tubes are connected to the steam supply. The flask iB connected through a splash head and a short adapter to a 1-1. throe-necked round-bottomed... 

A simple apparatus for steam distillation is shown in Fig. 2.102. Flask A contains the liquid to be steam distilled it is fitted with the splash-head B which prevents the carry-over of the contents of the flask A into the receiver. To carry out a steam distillation, the solution (or mixture of the solid with a little water) is placed in the flask A, and the apparatus is completely assembled. Steam is passed into flask A, which is itself heated by means of a flame to prevent too rapid an accumulation of water. If the substance crystallises in the condenser and tends to choke it, the water should be run out of the condenser for a few minutes until the solid material has been melted and carried by the steam into the receiver the water should then be cautiously readmitted to the hot condenser. It is best to use a condenser of the double surface type if the rate at which the steam distillation is carried out is rapid if necessary two such condensers connected in series may be used since in most steam distillations best results are obtained when the process of distillation is carried out rapidly. The passage of steam is continued until no appreciable amount of water-insoluble material is... 

Procedure Accurately weigh 2.00 g of sample that has previously been ground to pass through a 60-mesh screen, and transfer it to the distillation flask (A). Add 50 mL of Distillation-Reducing Solution, connect the flask to the receiver chamber (B), complete the assembly of the apparatus, and begin circulating tap water through the condenser (Q. Half-fill the lower two bulbs of the splash head (D) with water. 

FIGURE 14 Special Apparatus for the Determination of Inorganic Arsenic. (A, 250-mL distillation flask B, receiver chamber, approximately 50-mL capacity C, reflux condenser D, splash head.)... 

Add thiourea (22.8 g, 0.3 mol) in portions to this solution and heat the stirred mixture under reflux, maintaining a nitrogen atmosphere for 30 h. After cooling, remove the solvent using a rotary evaporator (care ethanol tends to bump readily so equip the rotary evaporator with a splash head). Add to the residue saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (250 mL) and boil the solution for 3 h. 

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