Spheres, field-fabricated applications

The synthesis approaches for fabrication of hollow spheres of different semiconductor materials through irradiation route in large scale and under mild conditions could be of interest for both applications and fundamental studies. Indeed, it has been found that the combination of ionizing radiation and microemulsion can afford more unique conditions to control the composition, morphology, and size of NPs. Compared with other routes of building hollow spheres, radiation chemical approach is a one-step facile and effective method and has potential to produce various inorganic/polymer nanocomposite hollow spheres with potential applications in the fields of materials science and biotechnology. 

Composite piezoelectric transducers made from poled Pb-Ti-Zr (PZT) ceramics and epoxy polymers form an interesting family of materials which highlight the advantages of composite structures in improving coupled properties in soilds for transduction applications A number of different connection patterns have been fabricated with the piezoelectric ceramic in the form of spheres, fibers, layered, or three-dimensional skeletons Adding a polymer phase lowers the density, the dielectric constant, and the mechanical stiffness of the composite, thereby altering electric field and concentrating mechanical stresses on the piezoelectric ceramic phase. 

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