Speed of a wave

Calculate the speed of a wave whose wavelength and frequency are 17.4 cm and 87.4 Hz, respectively. 

Critical layer The locus of points in the latitude-height plane where the phase speed of a wave approaches the speed of the background (zonal-mean) flow. 

Speed. The speed of a wave is the distance it moves per unit time (meters per second), the product of its frequency (cycles per second) and wavelength (meters per cycle) ... 

The speed of a wave depends on the type of wave and the nature of the medium through which the wave is traveling (e.g., air, water, or a vacuum). The speed of light through a vacuum, c, is 2.99792458 X 10 m/s. The speed, wavelength, and frequency of a wave are related by the equation... 

Refraction is the ratio of the speed of a wave, which can be either light, soxmd, or electric waves, from one material to another. Assuming that the speed of light in a material is v, dielectric constant 6 and permittivity p, the index of refraction is given by the following equation ... 

Increase Sound- Transmission Loss. The only significant iacreases ia sound-transmission loss that can be achieved by the appHcation of dampiag treatments to a panel occur at and above the critical frequency, which is the frequency at which the speed of bending wave propagation ia the panel matches the speed of sound ia air. AppHcation of dampiag treatment to 16 ga metal panel can improve the TL at frequencies of about 2000 H2 and above. This may or may not be helpful, depending on the appHcation of the panel. 

In materials that support shock waves, the sound speed increases with pressure. It is this same property that causes rarefactions to spread out as they progress. In Fig 2.6(b), an unloading wave is shown propagating into a stationary material with some initial pressure Pq. This time, we consider the evolution of two small decompressional disturbances. The first disturbance moves at the local sound speed of a, into its surroundings, which have begun... 

The elastic-shock region is characterized by a single, narrow shock front that carries the material from an initial state to a stress less than the elastic limit. After a quiescent period controlled by the loading and material properties, the unloading wave smoothly reduces the stress to atmospheric pressure over a time controlled by the speeds of release waves at the finite strains of the loading. Even though experiments in shock-compression science are typically... 

Equations 2-65 and 2-66 apply only as long as the fluid velocity at the throat of the choke is subsonic. Sonic velocity is the speed of a pressure wave in a fluid. Once sonic velocity is achieved, the effects of the downstream pressure can no longer be transmitted to the upstream side of the choke. 

Multiplying the wavelength of a wave in meters (m) by its frequency in reciprocal seconds (s-1) gives the speed of the wave in meters per second (m/s). The rate of travel of all electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum is a constant value, commonly called the "speed of light and abbreviated c. Its numerical value is defined as exactly 2.997 924 58 x 108 m/s, usually rounded off to 3.00 X 108 m/s. 

The speed at which a wave moves through space can be found by multiplying the length of a wave cycle (A) by the number of cycles passing a point in unit time (v). For light,... 

Consider light traveling from one medium to another (Fig. 1). To simplify the problem, we can consider that the media are infinite in extent and that the interface between the media is planar. Note that a more complex geometry will not change the result. Also consider that each medium can be described by an index of refraction, n, which is the apparent speed of the wave through... 

We can talk about the wave-front associated with this wave as being a surface of constant phase traveling at the speed of the wave. This surface is related to our previous idea of the rays in that it represents the joined perpendiculars from a series of rays emitted from a single point. A perfectly spherical wave will converge to (or diverge from) a single point in space. 

Paul That s probably where I would be coming down. The speed of a smooth muscle is not set by the Ca2+ release. I would maintain that the speed of the muscle is set by its intrinsic unloaded shortening velocity, as modulated by its elasticity and whatever force it is facing. Generally, the Ca2+ transient is largely over before the smooth muscle contracts. I don t believe that the speed of the smooth muscle is regulated by means of Ca2+ waves. 

The solution to either Eq. (9.9) or (9.10) has not one wave but two or more one for the adsorbed phase and a second in the gas phase. In many cases these waves move coincidentally but that assumption should not be invoked in all cases. The speed of these waves can be derived from the original pde together with the form of the adsorption equilibrium model. 

When the same chemical compositions of the reactants are used to generate both types of flame, the chemical reaction rate is considered to be the same in both cases. However, the reaction surface area of the turbulent flame is increased due to the nature of eddies and the overall reaction rate at the combustion wave appears to be much higher than that in the case of the laminar flame. Furthermore, the heat transfer process from the burned gas to the unburned gas in the combustion wave is different because of the thermophysical properties specifically, the thermal diffu-sivity is higher for the turbulent flame than for the laminar flame. Thus, the flame speed of a turbulent flame appears to be much higher than that of a laminar flame. 

The distortion which brings about the breaking carries a portion of the material forward and because of the intense pressure generated behind the wave, the reciprocal movement of the medium is prevented. The forward movement of the medium and the prevention of counter-movement serve to increase the speed of the wave front. This effect explains the fact that the rate of detonation increases more rapidly with increase of density in an insensitive than in a sensitive explosive. The insensitive material must be distorted and moved forward to a greater extent than the sensitive material before rupture occurs... 

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