Spatial neighbor

Solvent properties, transition state trajectory, future research issues, 232-233 Space inversion symmetry (P) ab initio calculations, 253—259 barium fluroide molecules, 256-259 ytterbium molecule, 254—256 electric dipole moment search, 241-242 nonconservation, 239—241 Spatial neighbor tables, Monte Carlo heat flow simulation, 68—70... 

The DH appears at a larger scale when dealing with different increments (in the TOS, groups of spatially neighboring fragments) and their interrelationships. Distributional heterogeneity is thus the most direct... 

The observations discussed so far lay out some of the desiderata of any good theory to try simultaneously to understand how position may be specified in the early embryo, and also to account for the ways in which apparently neighboring developmental programs are not spatial neighbors on the blastoderm. 

The side-chain of Tyr99 adopts different conformations in the two crystal structures of nXa reported to date [11, 16], In both structures Tyr99 is in steric conflict with canonical substrate binding in the S2-S4 sites. These observations suggest a critical role of Tyr99 and spatially neighboring amino acids in the substrate-dependent activity of nXa. In particular, Lys98 is likely to electrostatically interfere with the basic substrate preference of fiXa. 

Figure 1.15 Schematic presentation of a dry model network. The sphere has a radius equal to the end-to-end distance of a chain. The filled and the open circles represent the topological and the spatial neighbors of the central junction, respectively. The dark line represents the shortest path from the central junction to its nearest spatial neighbor. (Reprinted from [129] with kind permission of Marcel Dekker, inc.)...

Another image of a globule, also produced by computer simulation, is shown in the Figure C9.1. One can notice that the structure is overall spherical, its surface layer consists of some loops, while the interior is quite dense in the sense, that most spatial neighbors of every monomer belong to the very distant parts of the chain. Fundamental difference between coiled and globular states of the polymer is also revealed by considering their fractal properties, as we will discuss in the Section 13.4. 

Simultaneously and independently Theones (1973) published the same explanation of frequency gradient waves. Unfortunately, he erred in claiming to explain trigger waves (target patterns and spirals) in terms of frequency gradients without diffusive coupling between spatially neighboring points. 

Here, we only consider the hoping from localized site to the spatial neighbor sites. It is noted that in pure conjugated polymer, the charge transport is quasi-two or quasi-three dimensional, while in composite it is locally one dimensional. 

As may be shown by simple calculations, the junctions directly connected by chains to a given junction are not its nearest spatial neighbors in a typical elastomeric network. 

Within the domain defined crudely by the locations of these closest topological neighbors (four in number in a tetra-functional network) as many as fifty or more other junctions may reside. The situation is depicted in Fig. 3. The paths (not shown) that connect spatial neighbors, indicated by X in Ihe figure, to the central junction may include many chains we shall be content to let these connections remain obscure. It suffices to observe that elastomeric networks are copiously interpenetrated structures, as these considerations clearly show. They bear little resemblance to a lattice-or even to a disordered lattice - often Invoked Incorrectly as a suitable analog. 

Fig. 4. (A) A central tetrafunctional junction surrounded by four other topologically neighboring junctions and a number of spatially neighboring junctions. (B) Schematic drawing of a slip link, with its possible motions along the network chains specified by the distances a, and its locking into position as a cross-link.

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