Source-sink mapping diagram

On the source-sink mapping diagram, sources are represented by shaded circles and sinks are represented by hollow circles. Typically, process constraints limit the range of pollutant composition and load that each sink can accept. ITie intersection of these two bands provides a zone of acceptable conqKisition and load for recycle. If a source (e.g., source a) lies within this zone, it can be directly recycled to tiie sink (e.g., sink S). Moreover, sources b and c can be mixed using the lever-arm principle to create a mixed stream that can be recycled to sink S. 

The source-sink mapping diagram can also be used to determine the extent of interception needed. If a source lies to the right of a sink, it can be intercepted to render it within the band of acceptable recycle. The problem of simultaneously... 

Figure 4.2 Identification of lEcycle oppoitunities using source-sink mapping diagram (from E)-Halwagi and Spriggs, 1996)...

Let us first segregate the two sources forming the feed to the incinerator. As can be seen from the source-sink mapping diagram (Fig. 9.20), the gaseous emission from the ammonium nitrate process (R2) is within the acceptable zone for the incinerator. Therefore, it should not be mixed with R] then separated. Instead, the ammonia content of Ri should be reduced to 0.10 wt% then mixed with R2 to provide an acceptable feed to the incinerator as shown by Fig. 9.20. The task of removing ammonia from Rj to from 1.10 wt% to 0.10 wt% is identical to the case study solved in Section 9.3. Hence, the solution presented in Fig. 9.18 can be used. 

Figure 9.20 A gaseous source-sink mapping diagram for (he ammonium nitrate example...

Figure 4.6 Source-sink mapping diagram for the AN case study.

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