Solubility of nickel

Solubility of Nickel Chloride in Sodium Aluminum Chloride... 

The solubility of nickel chloride in the molten electrolyte is of interest because high solubilities of nickel chloride will cause capacity loss over the lifetime. Dissolved nickel chloride will not be contacted by the electronically conductive backbone nickel and cannot participate in the discharge reaction. Therefore it is essential that the nickel chloride is formed... 

Niebuhr, E., R.M. Stem, E. Thomsen, and H.C. Wulf. 1980. Relative solubility of nickel welding fume fractions and their genotoxicity in sister chromatid exchange in vitro. Pages 129-132 in S.S. Brown and F.W. Sunderman, Jr. (eds.). Nickel Toxicology. Academic Press, NY. 

At least 75% of intratracheally deposited nickel chloride had been absorbed 72 h after the operation in rats [265]. Nickel chloride was cleared from the lungs of rats more rapidly after intratracheal instillation compared with nickel oxide [266], the slower clearance being attributed to an increased solubility of nickel chloride compared with the oxide. 

O Explain why the solubility of nickel(II) carbonate, NiCOa, is unaffected by the addition of NaCl to a saturated solution of NiCOa. 

Little is known concerning the chemistry of nickel in the atmosphere. The probable species present in the atmosphere include soil minerals, nickel oxide, and nickel sulfate (Schmidt and Andren 1980). In aerobic waters at environmental pHs, the predominant form of nickel is the hexahydrate Ni(H20)g ion (Richter and Theis 1980). Complexes with naturally occurring anions, such as OH, SO/, and Cf, are formed to a small degree. Complexes with hydroxyl radicals are more stable than those with sulfate, which in turn are more stable than those with chloride. Ni(OH)2° becomes the dominant species above pH 9.5. In anaerobic systems, nickel sulfide forms if sulfur is present, and this limits the solubility of nickel. In soil, the most important sinks for nickel, other than soil minerals, are amorphous oxides of iron and manganese. The mobility of nickel in soil is site specific pH is the primary factor affecting leachability. Mobility increases at low pH. At one well-studied site, the sulfate concentration and the... 

Of the elements considered in this study (see Table II), nickel, palladium, antimony, and lead are particularly sensitive to the presence of reduced sulfur species (S2, HS") in the groundwater. For each of these radionuclides, if sulfur speciates under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, solid sulfide phases will control their solubility at low Eh values. The implication of this fact is illustrated in Figure 1 by a bold, dashed line that corresponds to the solubility of nickel in the reference groundwater and a patterned zone representing the total range... 

The solubilities of various metals are seen to differ considerably. For example, at 700°C the solubility of nickel in the aluminium melt is 10 mass %, while that of niobium is only about 0.02 mass %. For other transition metals, appropriate values are more close to each other, although iron and cobalt also stand apart in this respect. To reveal the causes of such differences, detailed investigations of the structure of liquid alloys are needed. 

Although the assumption of a quasistationary distribution of the concentration of component A within the diffusion boundary layer seems to be very rough, nevertheless under conditions of sufficiently intensive convection the dissolution kinetics of solids in liquids is well described by equations (5.1) and (5.8)-(5.10) (see Refs 301, 303, 304, 306-308). Clearly, these equations are generally applicable at a low solubility of the solid in the liquid phase (about 10-100 kg m or up to 5 mass %). Note that they may also describe fairly well the dissolution process in systems of much higher solubility. An example is the Al-Ni binary system in which the solubility of nickel in aluminium amounts to 10 mass % even at a relatively low temperature of 700°C (in comparison with the melting point of aluminium, 660°C).308... 

The solubility of nickel sulphate in water at various temperatures... 

Holzheid A., Borisov A., and Palme H. (1994) The effect of oxygen fugacity and temperature on solubilities of nickel, cobalt and molybdenum in silicate melts. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 1975-1981. 

Following these reports, a more general Ni-catalyzed system was reported by Nolte, Drenth, and co-workers, who used NiCl2, Ni(acac)2, and NiCl2 (EtOH)(f-BuNC) as catalysts (Scheme 13) [15, 21]. Among these three nickel catalysts, NiCl2 appears to be the least effective, as the low solubility of nickel chloride makes the polymerization system a heterogeneous system. The remarkable acceleration effect of protic solvents on the polymerization rate was also discovered. Ethanol (entry 1), dioxane-water (3/1) (entry 4), and... 

Klein [40KLE] measured the solubility of nickel selenate in water as a function of temperature and presents the results in a table and a graph. The hexahydrate, NiSe04-6H20, is the stable phase below 355 K and NiSe04-4H20 above this temperature. 

The solubilities of nickel and thorium(IV) oxides in molten KF-LiF mixture at 550 °C were investigated by the potentiometric titration method using a membrane oxygen electrode [379, 380]. The solubility product of NiO in the fluoride melt was equal to 1.3 X 10-6, which considerably exceeded the corresponding values in the chloride melts discussed above. The solubility of NiO seemingly increased owing to the fixation of Ni2+ cations in strong fluoride complexes. 

The solubility product of NiS was calculated by taking into account the solubility of nickel(II) sulphide in 1 M H2SO4 T = 293.15 K), determined by Moser and Behr [24MOS/BEH], leading to log, K° = - 26.96. The author used a value for the second dissociation constant of H2S(aq),... 

Figure A-22 Experimental [73FED/SHM] and calculated solubility of nickel(II) in the aqueous phase with increasing nitrate concentrations.

Based on the Gibbs energy of formation for 1, 11, and 111-NiS, derived from the experimental investigation of the solubility of nickel sulphide performed by Thiel and Gessner... 

SMU] Smurov, A. A., Solubilities of nickel, cobalt and manganese bicarbonates under environmental conditions present in ground waters and carbon dioxide containing hydrothermal waters, Mem. Soc. Russe Mineral, 67, (1938), 465-479. Cited on pages 222, 267, 268. 

LEM] Lemire, R. J., The solubility of nickel and copper(II) oxides in water and aqueous phosphate solutions at high temperatures a reanalysis of the data of Ziemniak, Jones and Combs, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited Research Company, Report RC-1330, (1995). Cited on pages 101, 102, 206, 415. 

Solubility of Nickel Potassium Sulphate NiKjCSOOz.eHjO in... 

Solubility of Nickel Sulphate in Methyl and Ethyl Alcohols. 

Figure 1. Comparison of solubilities of nickel carbonate (pKgo = 6.87) ar5. nickel hydroxide for active (p so aged (pKgo = 17,2)...

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