Solid lubricant films

The growth of solid films onto solid substrates allows for the production of artificial stmctures that can be used for many purposes. For example, film growth is used to create pn junctions and metal-semiconductor contacts during semiconductor manufacture, and to produce catalytic surfaces with properties that are not found in any single material. Lubrication can be applied to solid surfaces by the appropriate growth of a solid lubricating film. Film growth is also... 

Hintermann, H., Coatings and Solid Lubricant Films for Extreme Conditions, in Engineering Ceramics, pp. 54-59, Sterling Publications, London (1988)... 

Miyake, S., Sekine, Y., Noshiro, J., and Watanabe, S., Low-Friction and Long-Life Solid Lubricant Films Structured of Nanoperiod Tungsten Disulfide and Molybdenum Disulfide Multilayer, Jpn. J. Appl. Rhys., Vol. 43, 2004, pp. 4338-4343. 

Thick Film Example. As the peaks become thicker the possibility of interference of the distributions from two or more of the elements is also increased. This is particularly true for heavier elements which inherently appear closer together in terms of the energy of the scattered ions. A particularly difficult example of this situation is shown in Figure 2, again for a sputter-deposited solid lubricant film, in this case a thicker layer on a steel substrate. Figure 2... 

In spite of these problems, considerable efforts have been made to produce satisfactory composites of molybdenum disulphide in metal matrices, to improve on the rather short lives obtained with solid lubricant films. Many of the products of these studies have showed useful performance, and several have become available commercially. 

Bisson, E.E. and Godfrey, D., Bonding of MoSj to Various Materials to Form a Solid Lubricating Film, NACA TN-2802, (1952). 

Hopkins, V. and Campbell, M., Friction and Wear-Life of Selected Solid Lubricant Films at -100F, R.T. and 400F, Lubric. Eng., 25, 430, (1969). 

Bahun, C.J. and Jones, J.R., Influence of Load, Speed and Coating Thickness on the Wear Life of a Bonded Solid Lubricant, Lubric. Eng., 25, 351, (1969). Hopkins, V., Discussion, p. 6, on Rabinowicz, E., Variation of Friction and Wear of Solid Lubricant Films with Film Thickness, ASLE Trans., 10, 1, (1967). Whitehouse, G.D., Nandan, D. and Whitehurst, C.A., The Effect of Film Thickness on Friction Coefficients for Solid Lubricants CaF2, MoSj and Graphite, ASLE Trans., 13, 159, (1970). 

Haltner, A.J. and Oliver, C.S., Frictional Properties of Some Solid Lubricant Films Under High Load, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 6, 128, (1961). 

Bartz, W.J., Tribological Behaviour of Three-Component Bonded Solid Lubricant Films, Proc. JSLE Inti. Trib. Conf., Tokyo, (8-10 July, 1985). 

Anderson, M.J. and Roberts, E.W., An Assessment of Solid Lubricant Films for Use in High Temperature Space Applications, Proc. 5th European Space Mechanisms and Tribology Symp., ESTEC, Noordwijk, Holland, (28-30 Oct. 1992). (ESA SP-334, Apr. 1993, p. 379). 

Hopkins, V., Gaddis, D.H. and Hubbell, R., MLF-5 An inorganic Solid Lubricant Film, USAF - SwRl Aerospace Bearing Conference, San Antonio, Texas, (25-27 March, 1964). 

Tsuya, Y. and Kitamura, M., Effect of Sliding Conditions on the Wear Rate of Organic and Inorganic Bonded Solid Lubricant Films, Proc.2nd. ASLE Inti. Conf. on Solid Lubrication, Denver, Colorado (15-17 Aug. 1978) ASLE SP-6 p.85. 

Figure 19-22. Effect of temperature on the durability of bonded solid lubricant films. Data by Campbell and Hopkins [106] with the Hohman tester at 73.15 cm/s, 2158 N load. The curves are identified in the text.

I.L. Singer. Solid Lubricating Films for Extreme Environments. In L.E. Pope, L.L. Fehrenbacher, and W.O. Winer, editors. New Materials Approaches to Tribology Theory and Application. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 140, Pittsburgh, 1989, p. 215. 

Hexagonal BN powder exhibits the same characteristics of solid lubricants as seen in graphite and molybdenum disulfide. These include crystalline structure, low shear strength, adherence of the solid lubricant film, low abrasivity, and thermochemical stability [3]. In many instances, (h)BN exceeds the performance levels of these conventional solid lubricant characteristics, particularly adherence and thermochemical stability. Eigure 19.5 [39] is a typical scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a commercial BN powder. 

FRICTION OF CARBON ON SOLID LUBRICANT FILMS IN LIQUID NITROGEN... 

Hilton, M. R. and Fleischauer, R D., TEM lattice imaging of the nanostructure of early-growth sputter-deposited M0S2 solid lubricant films. Journal of Materials Research, 5,1990,406-420. 

Erdemir, A., Eryilmaz, O. L., and Fenske, G. R., Self-replenishing solid lubricant films on boron carbide. Surf. Eng., 15 (1999) 291-295. 

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