Solid angle maximum allowed

Allowable torque also limits screws to a maximum of 500-600 mm in diameter. Screw conveyors are used for nearly horizontal transport. While they are able to lift solids at an angle, the particles begin to fall back along the flights of the screw, and efficiency drops off rapidly as the slope increases. At an inclination of 15-20°, the capacity of a screw can be cut by 50%. Specially designed units can operate vertically. These can replace short elevators in small plants. 

Predict the basic dimensions of a silo to store 32 tons of a particulate solid of 1600 kg/m density. The material has uniformly sized particulates of 1 mm. The angle of repose of the material is 32° while its friction coefficient p is 0.48. The maximum pressure allowed at the bottom of the cylindrical part of the silo is 3.5 kPa. 

The tables incorporated into color calculating routines by spectrophotometer manufacturers can be found in the ASTM publication Standard Test Method for Computing the Color of Objects by Using the CIE System (90). This ASTM standard is a compilation of calculated product tables for various illuminants with the two standard observers for color matching. Both standard observers are used in various industries to specify color. The operator must choose which observer is to be incorporated into the color calculations for the measured specimens. The overall difference in the color of an object observed by the 10° CIE 1964 Supplementary Observer or the 2° CIE 1931 Observer is usually small but noticeable. This is due to an uneven distribution of cone receptors in the retina of the standard eye. At a solid acceptance (cone) angle of 2°, light from the object activates the cones around the fovea, which are relatively close together and allow maximum... 

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