Windows solar radiation

Rowland and Molina and Stolarski and Cicerone proposed that halocarbons 11 and 12 (CFCh and CF2CI2) have a long lifetime in the troposphere, can accumulate there, and diffuse upwards to the stratosphere. Although not photolysed in the troposphere, the two halocarbons absorb in the solar radiation window between 190 and 210 nm, which can occur in the stratosphere at similar altitudes to those where the ozone concentration is reasonably high. Photolytically formed chlorine atoms, either from man-made sources or some natural sources such as combustion of vegetation, may then react via a rapid chain-reaction scheme, giving the overall stoicheiometry O + O3 -> 2O2 as the combination of reactions (31)... 

Heat sensitive materials need to be stored away from heat sources such heaters and windows where they are subject to solar radiation. 

Simple models for louvers and other solar protection devices are based on a statement of constant reduction of the solar radiation flux on the window. A common assumption is that a louver is controlled so that no direct light can penetrate into the room. 

Solar radiation is distributed in the first room and not transmitted into adjacent rooms through an internal window (more sophisticated modeling may allow for this). 

Thus, someone working near a window will receive hot solar radiation through the window in summer and cold radiation from the cold window surface in winter, causing uncomfortable radiant asymmetry even if the room temperature is perfect for personnel working away from the window. Ventilation will not be the correct solution for this problem - sun shading and double-glazing would be more effective. 

Solar radiation through windows has no time lag and must be estimated by finite elements (i.e. on an hour-to-hour basis), using calculated or published data for angles of incidence and taking into account the type of window glass (see Table 26.1). 

Impulse Square functions on a similar principle. Fiere, too, the energy which is accumulated through solar radiation is periodically discharged between the two ends of an open, frame-like, square form, which, when the sky is cloudy, acts as a kind of window to the world that stimulates perception of the landscape. Impulse Square , too, is coated with an... 

Fig. 3. The absorption spectrum for solar radiation in the Earth s atmosphere 19X On the ordinate is plotted the altitude at which the radiation intensity is reduced by a factor e 1 from its unattenuated value. The species predominantly responsible for the absorption in the various wavelength ranges are as indicated. The wavelength of the H Lyman-a radiation closely coincides with a window in the O2 absorption spectrum...

Barometric pressure is detected by bellows against a reference, which is provided by a sealed-in vacuum. Exposing the instrument to direct sunlight, radiant heaters, or to direct drafts, such as from open windows or doors, should be avoided. Air temperature is measured with a platinum resistance thermometer. It is placed in a long tube that has been painted white on the outside to reflect solar radiation. A small blower pulls ambient air into the tube and across the thermometer. 

Fig. 5. Schematic of a rotating-cavitysolai reactor concept for the thermal dissociation of ZnO to Zn and O2 at 2300 K, modifed from Ref. 2. It consists of a rotating conical cavity-receiver ( 1) that contains an aperture ( 2) for access of concentrated solar radiation through a quartz window ( 3). ZnO particles are continuously fed by means of a screw powder feeder located at the rear of the reactor ( 4). The gaseous products Zn and O2 continuously exit via an outlet...

Figure 8 is displayed the SPD of solar radiation in Miami both and filtered through an Atlas window-glass filter. It is evident that because one represents (Normal Solar Radiation) and the other the standard, there is no equivalence between the two. The Expert Working Group for ICH QIB erred in specifying the "D /ID emission standard." No such emission standard exists. 

Direct, diffuse, and reflected components of solar radiation incident on a window. 

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