Sokolov

The estimated capacity of formamide was approximately 100,000 t/yr worldwide in 1990. In 1993, there are only three significant producers BASE in Germany is the leading manufacturer. Smaller quantities of formamide are produced in the former Czechoslovakia (Sokolov) and Japan (Nitto) by direct synthesis from carbon monoxide and ammonia. Most of the formamide produced is utilized direcdy by the manufacturers. The market price for formamide (ca 1993) is about 2.00/kg. 

L. B. Sokolov, Synthesis of Polymers by Polycondensation, Israel Program for Scientific Translation, Jemsalem, Israel, 1968, pp. 60—71. 

A number of general reviews related to the topics covered in this chapter have appeared (Table 1) and others will be discussed in the section dealing with synthetic aspects (Section 4.04.3.1). The Sokolov review is particularly noteworthy since it is quite recent and complete, containing 304 references to pyrazoles and isoxazoles. 

These interesting results have been quoted by Sokolov (79RCR289) and by Acheson and Elmore (78AHC(23)263). However, they proved to be erroneous, as to both structure (348) (a fluoroborate, not a complex) and structure (349) (for which (350) represents the correct structure established by X-ray crystallography (83T2193)). 

A. V. Sokolov. Optical Properties ofMetaL. Elsevier, New York, 1967, Chapters 10 and 11. A very detailed, mathematical description of solutions to the wave equations, with a nice historical perspective. 

Recent Developments in Isoxazole Chemistry N. Kochetkov and S. D. Sokolov... 

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