Soil repellents

AGENTS FOR FIBRE LUBRICATION, SOFTENING, ANTISTATIC EFFECTS, SOIF RELEASE, SOIL REPELLENCY AND BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY... 

Soil-release, soil-repellent and water-repellent agents... 

The essence of any soil-resistant treatment is to render the surface of the fibres more hydrophilic. It also helps if the coating of the fibre is such as to reduce surface irregularity and surface energy. Whilst the two aspects of soil repellency and soil release are interrelated, the actual balance of these properties varies from finish to finish according to requirements. In carpet treatments for example, which are normally given a shampoo rather than washed, the emphasis must be on repellency, whereas soil release becomes of much greater importance in textiles that are frequently washed. 

Soil Antiredeposition Agents, Soil Repellent/Soil Release Agents... 

New products that are being developed include textiles with water, oil and soil repellency and with antimicrobial properties. In general, the deposition makes use of a prehydrolyzed nanosol obtained by hydrolytic condensation of organosilanes (Scheme 4.2). 

A great part of the variation in the final properties of a textile is adjusted for by finishing procedures, for example, wrinkle resistance, soil repellence, hydrophobic properties, flame retardance, and antimicrobial properties [69]. In many cases chemicals are added by padding/ squeezing followed by drying/fixation, for example, in a stenter. 

The oldest repellent finish is to repel water. The purpose of this finish is self evident. Drops of water should not spread on the surface of the textile and should not wet the fabric. The drops should stay on the surface and easily drip off. Similarly, oil repellent finishes should prevent oily fluids from wetting treated textiles. In a similar manner, soil-repellent finishes should protect textiles from both dry and wet soils. In all cases, the air permeability of the finished fabric should not be significantly reduced. Waterproofing treatments will not be covered in depth. A waterproof textile should withstand the hydrostatic pressure exerted by a column of water from at least aim height before the first drops of water penetrate through the fabric. In practice this is mostly achieved with coatings which have the disadvantages of stiff handle, lack of air and vapour permeability and consequently poor wear comfort. 

From 1.0 to 2.0% of AQUAFILM on the weight of fabric is generally enough to impart dry-soil resistant/soil repellent properties. 

Not identifying trademarked fabric treatments/finishes, referring to them rather by generic descriptions. For example, the descriptions of the same treatment may range from "soil repellent finish" to "fluorocarbon" to "a 3M fluorocarbon" to " Scotchgard ."... 

The carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) derivatives and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) are effective antiredeposition agents that are cellulose-containing fibers such as cotton and blends of cotton and synthetic fibers. However, CMC has virtually no effect on pure synthetic fibers. Other effective antiredeposition agents and soil repellents have been developed (Fig. 5.4) [20]. 

Use To give dyed and printed textiles final characteristics for water and soil repellency. 

Soil repellents Polyethylene glycol terephthalate) derivatives 0-1 - 0-1.5 - -... 

Optical, Weight and Permeability Reoulrements. If the structural member is the front cover of the module (superstrate configuration), it must be optically clear (> 90% transmission) through the solar spectrum of importance to absorption by the solar cell (0.4-1.1 microns). It must also be relatively hard (> 90 shore A durometer), soil repellent, preferably HV absorbing below 0.36-0.37 microns, and non-permeable to oxygen, water vapor, and atmospheric pollutants. If the rigid member is the back cover, it may be opaque. 

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