Soil organic material

Some Physico-chemical Interactions of Paraquat with Soil Organic Materials and Model Compounds. I. Effects of Temperature, Time and Absorbate Degradation on Paraquat Adsorption, I. G. Bums, M. H. B. Hayes, and M. Stacey, Weed Res., 13 (1973) 67 -78. 

Association of Xenobiotics with Soil Organic Material... 

Baldock JA, Oades JM, Waters AG, Peng X, Vassallo AM, Wilson MA. Aspects of the chemical-structure of soil organic materials as revealed by solid-state C-13 NMR spectroscopy. Biogeochemistry 1992 16 1 42. 

As an illustration, we have collected a few rate constants for the reaction of sulfosalicyclic acid with an iron complex of a simple soil organic material, fulvic acid. We find several kinetic terms when iron(III) is simply equilibrated with this material and some of the rate constants change when the samples have been filtered. 

Burclul SM, Hayes MHB, Greenland DJ (1981) Adsorption. In Greenland DJ, Hayes MHB (eds) Chemistry of soil processes. WUey, New York, pp 224 00 Bums IG, Hayes MHB, Stacey M (1973) Some physico-chemical interactions of paraquat with soil organic materials and model compounds. 11. Adsorption and desorption equilibria in aqueous suspensions. Weed Res 13 79-90... 

It appears unlikely, that lanthanides are mobile. They appear to remain in situ as insoluble precipitates or bound to insoluble materials formed during weathering, as for example, clay minerals [139], iron, manganese oxide minerals [133] and possible soil organic materials. 

Wilson (1981) has reviewed much of the literature of the NMR spectroscopy of soil organic materials. He has shown that the major C resonances of humic substances are as listed in Table 2. Although these data were obtained mainly from soil humic substances, the same resonances are encountered in aquatic humic substances, the only difference being that relative intensities of the bands are generally different. 

The activity ratio, (Al—R " + / RH , may be considered to be a fairly constant property of any particular soil organic material, reflecting the extent of Al occupation of organic functional groups. A particular activity ratio would correspond to one specific position on the dissociation curve of an Al-complexed humus (Figure 5.7). 

Recalcitrant soil organic materials mineralize more efficiently at higher temperatures (Bol et al, 2003). 

Bol, R., T. Bolger, R. Cully, and D. Little. 2003. Recalcitrant soil organic materials mineralize more efficiently at higher temperatures. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 166 300-307. 

---