Sodium-dependent glucose transporter pathway

Figure 4 Enlargement of intestinal brush border, showing that polyphenol glycosides are not absorbed, transported into the enterocyte by a transporter, or hydrolyzed by a brush-border enzyme. Dotted arrows represent pathways followed by the polyphenols. PP-Glyc are polyphenol glycosides, PP-Conj are polyphenol conjugates, SGLTl is the sodium-dependent glucose transporter, and LPH is lactase phlorizin hydrolase.

Paracellular pathways are major routes of ion movement. As ions, monosaccharides, and amino acids are actively transported, an osmotic pressure is created, drawing water and electrolytes across the intestinal wall. This pathway accounts for significant amounts of ion transport, especially sodium. Sodium plays an important role in stimulating glucose absorption. Glucose and amino acids are actively transported into the blood via a sodium dependent cotransport mechanism. Cotransport absorption mechanisms of glucose-sodium and amino acid-sodium are extremely important for treating diarrhea. 

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