Snowman-like

The synthetic route for making the Janus nanoparticles first consists in the emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of silica nanoparticles surface-modified by polymerizable groups. Snowman-like hybrid nanostructures are thus obtained with 85% yield in which the... 

The specific functionalization of the unprotected silica surface with a trialkoxysilane derivative such as CH3Si(OCH3)3 is then carried out in a slightly basic water-ethanol suspension of the snowman-like particles. TEM images (Figure 1.29) of the resulting suspension of latex nanoparticles whose unmodified part was further functionalized with a second trialkoxysilane such as aminopropyltriethoxysilane and then... 

Asymmetric snowman-like PS/silica hybrids containing two different fluorescent labels and suitable for biomedical applications were reported by Wang et al. [136], While the carboxy-functionalized PS part served as anchor for green fluorescing NHS-FITC, the amino-functionalized silica part was functionalized with red fluorescing TRITC. The asymmetric distribution was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. 

Y.D. Liu, EE Fang, H.J. Choi, Core-shell structured semiconducting PMMA/ polyaniline snowman-like anisotropic microparticles and their electrorheology, Langmuir, 2010, 26, 12849. 

Excentered core-shell morphologies may be considered as asymmetrical structures in which the inorganic phase is situated at the border of the composite particles. In fact, they are very probably the result of an intermediate situation between the ideal core-shell morphology and the snowman-like one, as depicted schematically in Figure 4.29. 

Figure 10.1 Schematic illustration of the miniemulsion process and the possible morphologies of polymer-clay droplets/particles during the miniemulsification step and miniemulsion polymerization (a) full encapsulated morphology (b) dumbbell-like or snowman-like morphology (c), (d) dispersed silicate platelets with miniemulsion droplets or polymer adsorbed to its surface (e) clay platelets acting at the surfaces of droplets/particles.

As the cells are physically immobilized in the micro orifice like a snowman clamped at their neck, it becomes possible to flush out the remaining cell population which allows isolation of the fused cells from the other cells (Fig. 2d). 

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