Small-scale features

Veverka, J., et al. Imaging of Small-Scale Features on 433 Eros from NEAR Evidence for a Complex Regolith. Science (April 20, 2001) 484 88. 

Figure 10 shows an in-situ STM image of a reduced and an oxidized pT2 type film on HOPG. In difference to contact mode SFM imaging, the resolution of the STM images are markedly enhanced to a few tens of nm. In both exan les small string>like features are observed. The reduced film (Figure 10a) appears smoother than the oxidized film (Figure 10b). From the profiles shown in Figure 10 it is evident, that the overall morphology is not affected by the oxidation state. However, in the case of the oxi ed film the surface shows a remarkable enhancement of small scale features in the dimensional scale of a few nm.

The reference to the word efficiently is deliberate. One can readily show that the fastest convergence of the signal ( S )-wavelet reconstruction formula (i.e. Eq.(l.S)) is at the turning points. Therefore, at the turning points, one has the most efficient (closest) correlations between large and small scale features of the system. 

Instead of small flow clearances associated with screw extruders, comparatively large spaces can exist in a smart blending device so that physically expansive melt structures with small scale features evolve. For example, the polymer component melt streams in Fig. 19.2 are converted initially to melt layers that are expansive in the spanwise layer direction but are... 

A number of types of pattern noise must also be considered in the far infrared imaging performance of SIRTF Close to the plane of the Milky Way, structure in the emission of the Galaxy rather than photon noise will determine the faintest sources that can be measured. Li principle, infrared cirrus can have a similar effect at high latitudes. However, the cirrus has a smooth structure with few small-scale features (Gautier 1994 Cutri, private communication). At the spatial frequencies appropriate to the diffraction limit of SIRTF, it can be shown that cirrus will be largely resolved out and wiU not limit the performance away from bright cirrus clouds. 

---