Sinapate esters

Baumert, A., Milkowski, C., Schmidt, J., Nimtz, M., Wray, V. and Strack, D. (2005) Formation of a complex pattern of sinapate esters in Brassica napus seeds, catalyzed by enzymes of a serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase family Phytochemistry, 66,1334- 5. 

MiUcowski, G., Baumert, A., Schmidt, D., Nehlin, L. and Strack, D. (2004) Molecular regulation of sinapate ester metabolism in Brassica napus expression of genes, properties of the encoded proteins and correlation of enzyme activities with metabolite accumulation. Plant., 38, 80-92. 

Ruegger, M., Meyer, K., Cusumano, J.C. and Chappie, C. (1999) Regulation of ferulate-5-hydroxylase expression in Arabidopsis in the context of sinapate ester biosynthesis. Plant Physiol, 119,101-10. 

THE PHENYLPROPANOID PATHWAY IN ARABIDOPSIS LESSONS LEARNED FROM MUTANTS IN SINAPATE ESTER BIOSYNTHESIS... 

Mutants Affecting the Final Stages of Sinapate Ester Synthesis. 52... 

The phenylpropanoid pathway (Fig. 3.1) is responsible for the production of many natural products that are of interest in the context of plant growth and development, human health, and ecology. For example, flavonoids are necessary for pollen viability in maize and petunia, and have been suggested to play a role in directed auxin transport. Flavonoids and sinapate esters have been found to be important UV-protectants in many species, including Arabidopsis. Furthermore, wall-bound phenolics are thought to impart control over cell wall expansion, and hydroxycinnamic acids are an important structural component of the hydrophobic barrier polymer suberin. Finally, lignin is a phenylpropanoid polymer ubiquitous in higher plants, which is necessary for mechanical support and water transport. " ... 

MUTANTS AFFECTING THE FINAL STAGES OF SINAPATE ESTER SYNTHESIS... 

Figure 3.3 Synthesis of sinapate esters in Arahidopsis. SGT, sinapic acid UDPG sinapoyltransferase SMT, sinapoylglucose sinapoylmalate sinapate transferase SCT, sinapoylglucose sinapoylcholine sinapate transferase.

Wei S, Li X, Gruber MY, Li R, Zhou R, Zebarjadi A, Hannoufa A (2009) RNAi-mediated suppression of DETl alters the levels of carotenoids and sinapate esters in seeds of Brassica napus. J Agric Food Chem 57 5326-5333... 

Htlsken, A., Baumert, A., Strack, D., Becker, H.C., Mollers, C., and Milkowski, C. 2005. Reduction of Sinapate Ester Content in Transgenic Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) by dsRNAi-based Suppression of BnSGTl Gene Ex<(iKss oa. Molecular Breeding, 16(2), 127-138. doi 10.1007/ si 1032-005-6825-8. 

Baumert, A. et al. (2005) Formation of a complex pattern of sinapate esters in Brassica napus seeds, catalyzed by enzymes of a serine... 

Milkowski and Strack (2010). The evolution of sinapate ester metabolism and strategies of targeted metabolic engineering, designed to generate low-sinapate ester lines of B. napus, have been discussed. 

Milkowski C, Stack D. 2010. Sinapate esters in brassicaceous plants Biochemistry, molecular biology, evolution and metabolic engineering. Planta, 232(l) 19-35. 

Zum Felde T, Becker HC, Mollers C. 2006. Genotype X Environment Interactions, Heritability, tmd Trait Correlations of Sinapate Ester Content in Winter Rapeseed (Brassica Napus L). Crop Sci. 46 2195—2199. 

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