Silicon water absorbed

Mix the solid substance (or, preferably, silicic acid isolated by treatment of the silicate with ammonium chloride solution) with one-third of its weight of calcium fluoride in a small lead (or platinum) capsule, and add sufficient concentrated sulphuric acid to form a thin paste mix the contents of the capsule with a stout platinum wire. Warm gently (FUME CUPBOARD) and hold close above the mixture a loop of platinum wire supporting a drop of water. The drop of water will become turbid, due to the hydrolysis of the silicon tetrafluoride absorbed. 

Koenig BW, Krueger S, Orts WJ, Majkrzal CF, Berk NF, Silverton JV, Gawrisch K. Neutron reflectivity and atomic force microscopy studies of a lipid bilayer in water absorbed to the surface of a silicon single crystal. Langmuir 1996 12 1343-1350. 

Many modifications of polydimethylsiloxanes have been made in response to the needs of textiles or of the fabric care industry. Amide-fimctional, amine-functional silicones, and PDMS are key ingredients of fabric softeners and can confer properties such as conditioning, antiwrinkling, ease of ironing, softness, and water absorbency. PDMS and silanol-terminated PDMS confer... 

Naturally, leather absorbs some liquid water but mainly is water resistant. The leather industries do not claim that it is waterproof. So-called waterproof leathers are finished with water repellent agents such as organo-silicon, fluorocarbon and so on. Water absorption of leather can be tested by a static absorption method (ASTM D1815, 2000a). Cut the conditioned specimen with a circular cutter. Measure the diameter and thickness of the specimen. Calculate its volume in cubic centimetres. Weigh the specimen to the nearest 0.01 g. Immerse the specimen in distilled water at 23 1 °C in ahorizontal position with the grain side up. Leave the specimen immersed for a period of 30 min. At the end of immersion, take out the specimen and blot the surface of the specimen with filter paper to remove excess water. Weigh the specimen immediately to the nearest 0.01 g. Calculate the amount of water absorbed by the specimen ... 

Also polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsions and micro-emulsions are well known as conditioners in textile finishing imparting softness, dimensional stability and wrinkle and stretch recovery. When combined with quats and esterquats they improve the water absorbency of softened cotton fabric. Long-chain PDMS with amino- or amido-functional side groups anchor the silicone to the fibre by way of attractive electrostatic forces. Interfibre friction is reduced in this way, producing a distinct and substantive softener effect. ... 

An aqueous base is the least expensive vehicle and poses no toxicity problems. A solution of the drug in water or water and cosolvent is made. Glycerin, glycols, natural and synthetic gums, and/or polymers are used to increase viscosity, cohesiveness, and plasticity. To overcome syneresis, or water separation in the gel, a common problem with aqueous bases, one can use absorbing materials such as microcrystalline cellulose, kaolin, colloidal silicon dioxide, starch, etc. 

Alumina spheres polluted by carbon residues have been also reactivated by use of microwaves [33]. Their regeneration has been performed in a stream of air and in the presence of silicon carbide as an auxiliary microwave absorber. Microwave heat treatment led to full recovery of the catalyst in times varying from a half to a quarter of the conventional treatments. Regeneration of a commercial Ni catalyst (Ni/Al203) deactivated, presumably, by coke formation, by means of a flow of hydrogen or oxygen and water vapor under the action of microwave irradiation was, however, unsuccessful [34]. 

Silica gel. Amorphous silica (silicon dioxide) used (1) as an absorbent, particularly for removing water from gases including refrigerants and from enclosed spaces such as in packaging (2) as a catalyst carrier. 

EnviroSep, Inc. (EnviroSep), has developed a thick-film absorption technology for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from water. The technology uses a proprietary form of silicone rubber to absorb contaminants. The vendor claims the technology is effective for VOCs with less than 2% solubility in water and a boiling point of less than 200°C for the pure compound and is most efficient for use at sites with contaminant concentrations between 10 parts per million (ppm) and 2000 ppm. The technology is intended for aqueous waste streams. 

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