Silicon, surface attachment oligonucleotides

Fig. 8 Immobilizing of streptavidin or biotin on mercaptotrimoxysilane-activated glass surfaces, a SAM of PEDA is created on a silicon surface and a mask is used to direct 193 nm light to attach PEDA at specific locations. A SMPB layer is attached to the remaining PEDA layer and thiolated oligonucleotides attached to the penultamine sulhydryl groups...

DNA hybridization microarrays are generally fabricated on glass, silicon, or plastic substrates. Oligonucleotide DNA is the most common probe used in DNA microarrays. Amine or thiol linkers are added to these oligonucleotide probes to enable attachment to the glass, plastic, or silicon surface of the chip. The attachment of these probes to the surface can be done mechanically through automated means. In a laboratory setup, manual array spotters could be used. 

The next generation of solid supports in conjunction with MALDI-TOF analysis of nucleic acids is the transformation to a chip format, in which oligonucleotides or PCR products are covalently attached to a silicon wafer and all subsequent biochemical reactions and the ion exchange are performed on the chip surface [14, 15], This is the next enhancement of the SpectroCHIP , adding to the universal sample platform (as described above) customised versions for specialised applications. 

---