Silica reinforced epoxy adhesive

Compared to a common thixotrope such as fumed silica, pulp provides equivalent viscosity at less than one tenth the weight in a typical epoxy resin. In addition, fluid viscosity is unaffected by further processing (agitation) or aging—in contrast to fumed silica modified resin where viscosity drops and is not fully recovered under similar conditions. Pulp can also provide reinforcement in an adhesive matrix as shown by the significant increase in tensile strength, modulus, and tear strength of both a PVC plastisol adhesive and a silicone sealant on the addition of pulp [137,140]. 

Epoxies are adhesive systems made by a complex chemical reaction. Various resins are made synthetically by reacting two or more chemicals. The resultant resin can then be reacted or cured by the addition of another chemical called a hardener or catalyst. The basic epoxy resin systems are further modified to change their physical properties by the addition of such things as flexihilizers for impact resistance and flexibility, diluents or solvents to reduce the viscosity fillers, and reinforcements hke glass fiber, alumina, silica sand, clay, metal powders, and flakes to change properties such as heat and electrical resistance, fire retardance, strength, and adhesion to certain substrates or materials. 

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