Sickness Impact Profile

Generic instruments apply to a wide variety of patients. Their broad applicability is derived from their coverage of the complete spectrum of function, disability, and distress that is relevant to HRQL. They are designed for use in a wide variety of conditions, but they may not focus on aspects of HRQL that are of interest to the investigator and may be unresponsive to small but clinically important changes. Some examples of generic instruments are the Sickness Impact Profile and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Forms 36 and 12 (SF-36 and SF-12) (Ware, 1991). 

Use of a questionnaire comprising 136 questions relating to the sickness impact profile (SIP) indicated a marked decrease in patients capacity to perform routine daily activities and a diminished quality of life in 27% of cases of latent HE. (9)... 

Bergner, M. Bobbitt, R. Kressel, S. Pollard, W. Gilson, B. Morris, J. The sickness impact profile Conceptual formulation and methodology for the development of a health status measure, Int, J. Flealth Serv. 1976, 6, 393-415. 

The first modem health status questionnaires were very long, but their results were well validated. The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is an example of an early profile. It includes a physical dimension and a psychosocial dimen-sion. - A dimension is a quality or aspect that is a component of health. The SIP also includes five independent categories including sleep, rest, eating, work, and home management, as well as recreation and pastimes. More recently, shorter profiles have been developed such as the Nottingham Health Profile and the Medical Outcomes Study (MQS) 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) (Appendix 4). 

Brooks W, Blair J, John S, et al. The impact of psychologic factors on measurement of functional status assessment of the sickness impact profile. Med Care 1990 28 793-804. 

Economists have worked hard at producing measures to quantify these two concepts. A number of indexes have been produced, the meaning of which is uncertain and discussion of which is beyond the scope of this chapter. They include the Nottingham Health Prohle, the American Sickness Impact profile and the Rosser Health Index. The Rosser Index has been used to produce a Quality Adjusted Life Year or QALY. Each year of life is discounted by a factor reflecting the disability and distress suffered during the year. The factor is obtained by asking people to estimate what number of years of perfect health would be equivalent to 10 years of life in a particular state of disability. 

HIV/AIDS human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome HUI Health Utilities Index HYEs healthy-year equivalents ICC intraclass correlation coefficient KDQOL Kidney Disease Quality of Life instrument MCS mental component summary scale of the SF-36 MOS-HTV Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey MOT Medical Outcomes Trust MSQOL Migraine Specific Quality of Life NHP Nottingham Health Profile PCS physical component summary scale of the SF-36 QALY quahty-adjusted hfe year QOL quahty of life QOLIE Quality of Life in Epilepsy QWB Quality of WeU-Being scale SF-36 MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey SIP Sickness Impact Profile VAS visual analog scale WY well year YHL years of healthy life... 

Bergner M, Bobbitt RA, Carter WB, Gilson BS. The Sickness Impact Profile Development and final revisions of a health status measure. Med Care 1976 14 57-67. 

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