Shivering

Humans seek and want thermal comfort, even at work in industrial settings. Clothing, activities, posture, location, and shelter are chosen, adjusted, altered, and sought consciously and unconsciously to reduce discomforts and enable us to focus more on the other tasks of life. Discomfort can contribute to mistakes, productivity decreases, and industrial accidents. " Thermal discomfort results from the physiological strain of thermoregulation. The strain can be in the form of altered body temperatures, sweating and excessive skin moisture, muscle tension and stiffness, shivering, and loss of dexterity. A small... 

COLD Xblood flow to skin (vasocoiistriction, muscle tension and shivering t, body temperatures X, metabolism T... 

TABLE S.3 Active Physiologica Controls Shivering, Sweating and Skin Blood Flow... 

The temperatures monitored in Fig. 5.2 are used by the brain to regulate shivering, blood flow to the skin, and sweating. The sensed temperatures also contribute to our overall feelings of warmth and other thermal sensations. 7 hermal sensation (TS) can be predicted over a wide range of activities (0.8 to 4 met) from simple deviations in the mean body temperature (T j,) from the mean bodv temperature when the person feels neither warm or cool but neutral (Fig. 5.2). 

Hyperbolic expansion The expansion of a fluid according to the law pV = Hypothalamus The temperature control center at the base of the brain, which regulates body temperature. Hypothermia The physiological state resulting when the deep core body temperature drops below 35 C. It results in vasoconstriction and shivering in an attempt to conserve body heat. 

Shivering The process of metabolic regulation against cold by muscular action. 

Sphtterkohle, /. splint coal, sphttern, v.i. t. shatter, shiver, splinter, split (up). 

Zers., abbret. (Zersetzung) decomposition, zerschellen, v.t. smash, shatter, shiver, zerschlagen, v.t. break in pieces, smash, shatter, crush, batter. 

At present, no diugs exist that can selectively activate a2-receptor subtypes. Clonidine stimulates all three a2-subtypes with similar potency. Clonidine lowers blood pressure in patients with hypertension and it decreases sympathetic overactivity during opioid withdrawal. In intensive and postoperative care, clonidine is a potent sedative and analgesic and can prevent postoperative shivering. Clonidine and its derivative brimonidine lower... 

A number of chimerized, humanized, and one human mAb have now been approved for therapeutic use in humans in the treatment of autoimmunity, malignancy, infection and cardiovascular disease (Table 1). Some of the currently licensed mAb will be discussed here. A much larger number of mAb are currently being evaluated in Phase I, II and III trials. In general, chimeric, humanized and human mAb are very well tolerated with few side effects. Chimeric or humanized mAb still have the potential to evoke host immune response to the variable domains or CDRs of the antibody so-called HACA (human anti-chimeric antibody) or HAHA (human anti-human antibody) responses, although these responses are uncommon. Short-lived and occasionally severe infusion-related acute hypersensitivity reactions such as fever, skin itching, shivering, respiratory compromise and low blood pressure sometimes occur-. Such effects may... 

In addition to the alleviation of symptoms, the therapeutic use of these drugs results in some side effects. Often, depending on the setup of treatment, flulike symptoms such as shivering, fever, aching muscles,... 

Hypothermia Reduction of metabolic Target temperature of 32-34°C Bladder temperature Shivering... 

Doufas AG, Lin CM, Suleman MI, Liem EB, Lenhardt R, Morioka N, Akca O, Shah YM, Bjorksten AR, Sessler DI. Dexmedetomidine and meperidine additively reduce the shivering threshold in humans. Stroke 2003 34(5) 1218-1223. 

The method based on the orientation of pairs of vectors of length L produces slower dynamics than the method based on next-nearest neighbor distances. Since the acceptance rates for single-bead moves differ very little in the two methods, it appears that the probability for immediate reversal of a successful move is higher in the method based on the orientation of the pairs of vectors, such that the chain shivers rapidly, but moves its center of mass slowly. This problem is more severe in PP melts than in PE melts. Significant diffusion of the center of mass of the chains in PP melts is achieved when reptation, as well as single-bead moves, is allowed [158, 158A]. 

Cooling efforts should continue until the core body temperature reaches 38°C or 100.4°F 0 Shivering (a common complication of cooling, which can add to heat generation) can be managed with ... 

Myoclonus (inducible or spontaneous), muscular hypertonicity, shivering, tremor, akathesia, tachycardia, mydriasis, and ocular clonus... 

Be so good as to pull my chair to the fire, said my mother, and a stool for yourself. I was glad to do it, for we had washed in cold water for speed s sake, and I was shivering still. 

Yes, madam, I said. Even in my weariness I felt again a little shiver of fear and heat. 

Most men have no need of more, I said, thinking of the snoring and shivering bodies that lay round the campfires, then shivering myself. 

Yes, I mourned Aunt Elaine quietly and with a kind of joy for what she d been and what she d been to me my mourning was simple. Whereas for Adam. .. even after two years of it creeping ever nearer I hadn t expected the unbearable, outraged pain that flayed me in the weeks after his death. Even after two more years sometimes it still flays me, and leaves me shivering and raw for whatever cold winds of memory are passing. 

It was fun to think about how I should dress, speak, move, and touch, to talk of type-foundries and colophons, watermarks and printers patrons, and all the time watch a mans hands, the tilt of his head, the way his mouth moved as he spoke, the way his fingers brushed mine as he put more drinks on the table. It was fun that could fill my head and then my body, that bright, dumb spark in a man s eye that made my skin shiver in response. And we were away from home, after all, it was only a week, and the sun was shining on the Venice canals, or the moon was rising from behind the Rockies, or the coal fire in my rooms was so glowing that it shut out the gray cold and the Lancashire rain, and wrapped us in warmth. 

He wraps it around my shoulders. It is rough and heavy, and still I shiver. I cannot sit up all night. I have done so many a time, to pray or to make ready for battle. But I must not risk weakness of body or mind on the morrow. 

I am shivering, and I know that he feels it. I must sleep. .. I must. 

She sighed and, after a moment, turned away to the window. Snow lay on the sill, but she forced open the casement and let in a draught of icy air, which made the flames of the fire shiver. I did not reprove her. How often had I opened a window, just so that I might believe our cage not made all of iron ... 

It must be so, yet the solemn oaths and assurances, the letters and messages, all the good sense and reason had not been able to still my fears. Was I delivering my girls to our enemies, even as I had delivered Dickon thus The March wind was no colder than my fears, and I shivered. 

Would it have been like this then If I d had this, my heart s desire, when I first fell in love with him If he had loved me Or would it have been as young love is awkward, embarrassed, urgent, clumsy Secret, it would have been, almost defiant. Would we have given in to our need even so, and grabbed for each other as the young do It s maturity that s wise enough to savor every lick and kiss and shiver. 

I feel his hesitation, his uncertainty, like a shiver between my shoulder blades. Then he lies down behind me and puts his arms around me. 

Body temperature by regulating metabolic thermogenesis (e.g., shivering) and behaviors that cause an individual to seek a warmer or cooler environment... 

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