Shellside Flooding in Horizontal Condensers

For condensers with baffle cuts which are 20% of the shell diameter, a may be taken as 45°, and the equation above can be simplified to  

The height of liquid calculated using the correlations above is only approximate because it ignores any pressure drop effects and the fact that there are generally tubes in the flow erea calculated. However, it can be used to give a reasonable approximation. If the height of condensate calculated is appreciable, then more than one condensate connection may be desired. The flow pattern of the condenser can be changed so that vapor and condensate make only one crossflow path across the tube bundle. Other baffle types may also be used. 

SCHEMATIC SECTION THRU SHELL (number of tubes and spacers not correct) 

Integral condensers are not limited to vacuum service. They may be used when gravity drainage of condensate is required, when minimum system volume is desired, when expensive vapor piping is required, or when it is desireble to reduce structural steel requirements. 

---